5* 



POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



Breslau, or, since that lies just off our map, let us say from Dresden 

 to the city of Hanover, and thence to Cologne. Such a line roughly 

 divides the uplands from the plains. To the north stretches away 

 the open, flat, sandy expanse of Hanover, Oldenburg, Pomerania, 

 Brandenburg, and Prussia. This vast extent of country is mainly 

 below one hundred metres in elevation above the sea. South of our 

 division line the land rises more or less abruptly to a region upward 

 of a thousand feet in altitude. In Bavaria, Wiirtemberg, and Bo- 

 hemia lie extensive table lands fully five hundred feet higher even 

 than this, giving place finally to the high Alps. The transition 

 from north to south is particularly emphasized along our artificial 

 division line by the fringe of mountains which lie along it, includ- 

 ing the Riesen and Erzgebirge bounding Bohemia, the heavily 



Teutonic Blond Type. Mainz. Stature, l - 75 metre. Cephalic Index, 75. 



wooded mountains of Thiiringen, and farther west the Harz, the 

 Waldgebirge, and the Westerwald by Cologne. On this side, the 

 highlands across the narrow gully of the Rhine River have al- 

 ready been described in speaking of the Ardennes uplands in France 

 and Belgium. Their extension in Germany is known as the Rhenish 

 plateau. 



For the sake of unity of treatment, preserving the general form 

 of argument already adopted in the cases of Prance and Italy, let 

 us consider the head form of the people first. At once we perceive 

 a progressive broadening of the heads, that is, an increase of cephalic 

 index, as we travel outward from the northwestern corner of the 

 empire in the vicinity of Denmark. Thus we pass from a head form 

 identical with that of the Scandinavians to one in the south in no wise 



