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was the study to which he devoted himself, and his first independent 

 researches were directed to examining into the causes that produce 

 the idiotism and the pellagra that exist, unfortunately, so largely in 

 Lombardy and Liguria. His treatise on this theme attracted the 

 attention of no less a person than Professor Virchow. After fighting 

 for the independence of Italy in 1859, he was appointed professor 

 of psychiatry at Pavia, where he founded a pyschiatric museum. 

 From Pavia he passed to Pesaro, as director of the Government mad- 

 house, and thence to Turin as professor of forensic medicine, a 

 position he still retains. It was in his native Turin that he began 

 those original studies destined to make his name famous over all the 

 globe. Endowed by nature with a strong intelligence, a robust will. 

 and a keen intellectual curiosity, he was indifferent to the incredulous 

 smile, the sarcasms, that greeted his first efforts at solving problems 

 hitherto held insoluble. Very bitter, very hard were his struggles — 

 how hard only those can appreciate who have talked with Lombroso 

 in intimacy and have noted the pained scorn with which he speaks 

 of his adversaries — adversaries some of whom are not silenced to 

 this hour. But his science, his studies conquered, which if not 

 always complete yet are always serious, wherefore criminal anthro- 

 pology, a mere infant some thirty years ago, may to-day be said to 

 be adult; a raw empiric but a while ago, to-day a science, young 

 if you will, but vital and destined to overturn the facile, fantastic 

 monuments erected by so many penalists. The work with which 

 Lombroso will go down to posterity is a huge book, huge in every 

 sense of the word, in which criminal man is studied on a scientific 

 basis. We refer to the Uomo Delinquente, of which its author has 

 published most recently a new, revised, and enlarged edition, wrest- 

 ling with new facts, new observations, and new deductions. This 

 edition is limited to one hundred copies, perhaps to allow its prolific- 

 author soon to issue another, enriched with yet more facts, yet more 

 acute deductions. 



It is dedicated to Max Nordau, the author of that noted book. 

 Degeneration, who had in his turn dedicated his work to his master, 

 Cesare Lombroso.' The dedication reads thus : " To you I have 

 wished to dedicate this volume with which I close my studies on 

 human degeneration, as to the most sincere friend I have found in 

 the sad course of my scientific life, and as to the one who has 

 wrested fecund fruits from the new doctrines I have attempted to 

 introduce into the scientific world." Needless to say that Lombroso 

 is the very first person to admit that in the almost virgin field of 

 criminal anthropology there is still much to do, and that Science has 

 not yet spoken her last word; but it is his magic wand that has 

 indicated the horizon and has swept over vast new areas, often with 



