THE RACIAL GEOGRAPHY OF EUROPE. 59 



Neckar just south of it, forms as a consequence the great Teutonic 

 colony in the Alpine highlands. Corroborative testimony of place 

 names also exists. Canon Taylor, for example, states that this dis- 

 trict is a hotbed of Teutonic, mainly Saxon, village and local names. 

 •It closely resembles parts of England in this respect. Further 

 wholesale colonization to the south seems to have been discouraged 

 by the forbidding Rauhe Alp or Swabian Jura. The Teutonic 

 characteristics have heaped up all along its northern edge, as our 

 map on page 61 shows; but the mountains themselves remain 

 strongholds of the broad-headed type. A considerable colony of 

 dolichocephaly lies on the other side of them, seemingly bearing- 

 some relation to the Allgauer dialect. Beyond this all is Alpine 

 in type. Allemanni and Helvetii have left no trace of their Teu- 

 tonism in the living population. 



Viewed in the light of these geographical facts, the contrast in 

 brunetteness between Wiirtemberg and Bavaria is readily explained. 

 The fluvial portals of the Bavarian plateau open to the east, not the 

 north. We know that the Boii (Bohemians) and the Bajovars or 

 ancient Bavarians came from this side, following up the course of 

 the Danube. Their names are Keltic, their physical characteristics 

 seem to have been so as well.* 



One more physical trait remains for consideration before we 

 pass from the present living population to discuss certain great his- 

 toric events in Germany which have left their imprint upon the 

 people. We refer to stature, f The patent fact is, of course, that the 

 areas of blondness and of dolichocephaly are also centers of remark- 

 ably tall stature. Our three portrait types illustrated this clearly. 

 The first grenadier was five feet nine inches in height (1.75 metre); 

 the mixed type was shorter by about five inches (1.62 metre), while 

 the conscript from the recesses of the Black Forest in Baden stood 

 but five feet two inches in his stockings (1.59 metre). This last case 

 is a bit extreme; averages seldom fall in Germany below five feet 

 five inches. Local variations are common, as elsewhere; crowded 

 city life depresses the average, prosperity raises it; but underneath 

 it all the racial characteristic, so inherent in the Teutons, makes 

 itself felt wherever they have penetrated the territory of the short 

 and sturdy Alpine race. A few anomalies in the distribution of 

 this trait should be noted in passing. In contravention of the gen- 



* Vide H. Ranke, Zur Craniologie der Kelten, Beitrage zur Anth. Bayern, vi, 1885, pp. 

 109-121 ; and J. Ranke, in ibid., iii, 1880, pp. 149 *eq. 



f Ranke, 1881, has mapped it for Bavaria; Ecker, 1876, and Ammon, 1894, for Baden; 

 Meisner, 1889, for Schleswig-Holstein ; Reischen, 1889, for part of Prussia, etc. Titles are 

 given in our Bibliography above mentioned; for additional ones see index for "Germany, 

 stature." 



