i 5 4 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



and hills were scarcely affected. The people manifest no physical 

 traits which we are justified in ascribing to them. The Teutonic in- 

 vasions, however, were of a different character. The invaders, com- 

 ing perhaps in hopes of booty, yet finding a country more agreeable 

 for residence than their barren northern land, cast in their lot with 

 the natives in many districts forming the great majority of the popu- 

 lation. We find their descendants all over Britain to-day. 



These Teutonic invaders were all alike in physical type, roughly 

 speaking. We can scarcely distinguish a Swede from a Dane to- 

 day, or either from a native of Schleswig-Holstein, or Friesland, 

 the home of the Jutes, Angles, and Saxons. They are all described 

 to us by chroniclers, and our modern research corroborates the testi- 

 mony, as tall, tawny-haired, fiercely blue-eyed barbarians. Evi- 

 dence there is indeed that the Alpine broad-headed race once effected 

 a lodgment in southwest Norway, as we have already said. Our 

 map of that country on a subsequent page shows a persistence greatly 

 attenuated, of that trait all along the coast. Archaeology shows 

 it to have invaded Jutland also in early times; but it seems to be 

 of secondary importance there to-day. The Danes are somewhat 

 broader-headed than the Hanoverians perhaps, but, practically speak- 

 ing, they are all tall and blond Teutons. 



Since we can not follow these invaders over Britain by means of 

 their head form, they being all alike and entirely similar to the 

 already prevailing type in the British Isles previous to their advent, 

 we must have recourse to a contributory kind of evidence. We 

 have at times made use of the testimony of place names heretofore; 

 but it is nowhere else in Europe so clear or convincing as in this par- 

 ticular case. We may trace with some surety each current of the 

 great Teutonic inundation by means of them. Then, having done this 

 and completed our historical treatment of the subject, we may once 

 more take up the main thread of our argument by returning to the 

 study of the living population. We shall thus have the key to the 

 situation well in hand. The distribution of color of hair and eyes 

 and of stature will have a real significance. 



Our map on next page, adapted from Canon Taylor's exceedingly 

 valuable little book entitled Names and Places, will serve as the 

 mainstay of our summary. In choosing our shading for it, we had 

 one object in mind, which we can not forbear from stating at the 

 outset. The three shades denoting the Teutonic place names are 

 quite similar in intensity and sharply marked off from the Celtic 

 areas, which we have made black. This is as it should be, for the 

 whole matter involves a contrast of the three with the one which 

 we know to be far more primitive and deep-seated. The witness of 

 spoken language, to which we shall come shortly, would suffice to 



