1898] SOME MORE BOWING EXPERIMENTS 99 



condescend to turn their attention to making an improvement on 

 present wooden oars and solid outriggers. 



In experiments so far described, the only advances made by the 

 new Indicator over the first one have been the greater facility in 

 reducing the results and the possibility of obtaining a mean result 

 from several strokes. Experiments will now be considered for 

 which the continuous record was necessary. These have reference 

 to the effect of fatigue on rowing. Fig. 10 indicates in various 

 ways the growth of fatigue during a continuous piece of rowing. In 

 J.,ordinates represent the work done during a stroke, whose number 

 from the start is represented by the abscissa. As is to be expected, 

 the strokes vary irregularly, but the steady decrease during the 150 

 strokes represented is quite clear. B represents in the same way 

 the falling off in the maximum pull, and gives a curve almost 

 identical with A. C shows the change in stroke form during the 

 interval of some 130 strokes, or six minutes' rowing. 



It will be noticed that the falling off is most marked during the 

 latter half of the stroke, when the legs and arms take a large share 

 in the work. This suggests that while the powerful system of 

 muscles in the shoulders and back does not easily tire, the legs and 

 arms are comparatively weak. 



Fig. 1 1 represents the change in stroke-form in a four during an 

 interval of 80 strokes. The fatigue-curves in this case are steeper 

 than in the last case, but less regular. 



Fig. 11. Fatigue in Four — 80 Strokes. 



Fig. 12 relates to a journey in a Torpid Eight. This was 

 broken up into about 4 pieces by easies, but again the gradual 

 diminution of power is clear. C is an analysis on a larger scale of 

 strokes 210 to 310 during this journey showing the effect of an 

 1 easy.' The diagram shows the maximum pull, and between the 

 two black lines there is clearly a break in which the oarsman has 

 partly recovered his vigour. 



With regard to the magnitude of the fatigue effect, in the first 

 case the fall was 18 per cent, in 6 minutes' continuous rowing, 

 150 strokes; second, 13 per cent, in 100 strokes; third, 22 per 

 cent, in 350 strokes (intermittent). These and other results show 

 that, even in cases where no extreme exertion is called for, fatigue 

 manifests itself, not only as a sensation, but also in diminished 



