NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 85 



Iris bright brown. Bill bright lemon yellow, dusky reddish at tip. Feet 

 brown with a yellowish tinge ; soles pure yellow. 



Z. leucophrys is given by Dr. Kennerly as found on Bill Williams' River. It 

 is well known that occasional specimens are taken in the range of habitat 

 which belongs especially to Gambeli. 



151. Junco hyemalis (L.) Sclater. 



Rare and accidental. During the winter of 1864-65, I shot three typical ex- 

 amples of this species; in each instance iu company with both the succeeding 

 birds. 



152. Jpnco oregonds (Towns.) Sclater. 



Exceedingly abundant winter resident. Arrive at Fort Whipple about Oct. 

 10 ; soon become very numerous and continue so until the second week in 

 April ; stragglers seen till May * Keep quietly hidden in out of the way 

 places till cold weather has fairly set in, when they become very familiar, and 

 are to be seen everywhere. 



Both sexes, and at all ages and seasons after the first autumnal moult, are 

 never without the reddish along the sides of the body ; and the head is never 

 entirely concolor with back. 



Perfectly adult males have the head, neck all around, and breast pure black, 

 nearly as trenchantly defined against the reddish of the back as against the 

 white of the belly. The sides are strongly tinged with pinkish rufous. The 

 dull chestnut or reddish brown of the back extends on the scapulars and outer 

 edges of the secondaries and greater coverts. This color merges insensibly 

 into olive gray on the rump. The two outer tail feathers on each side are 

 pure white ; the third is white with an edging of dusky along its inner web to 

 near the tip. The bill is flesh colored, or delicate pinkish white; its apex 

 dusky. The tarsi are dusky flesh color, the feet more obscure. 



The young female, early in winter, has the back more dully colored, while 

 the rufous tinge invades the nape and to some extent the crown ; and the edg- 

 ings of the wings and coverts are very light, being gray rather than rufous. 

 The black of the head and breast has a slaty tinge; and is sprinkled with light 

 grayish or rufous, which interrupts the deeper color, though never to the ex- 

 tent of making the parts concolor with the back. The wash along the sides is 

 fainter and duller. There is usually less white in the sides of the tail. 



Between these two extremes is to be found every possible gradation. The 

 great majority of all males have the continuity of the black on the nape inter- 

 rupted by rufous tips to some of the feathers. A specimen (1138 of my collec- 

 tion, Dec. 12, 1864,) has a large abruptly denned pure white spot, of an irregu- 

 lar shape, on the chin. This is a curious example of partial albinism. 



153. Junco caniceps (Woodh.) Baird. 



Struthus caniceps, Woodhouse, Pr. A. N. S. Ph. vi. Dec. 1852 p. 202. Id. 

 Sitgreave's Rep. Expl. Zuiii and Col. Rivers, 1853, p. 83, pi. iii. 



Junco caniceps, Baird, B. N. A. 1858, p. 468. 



Junco dorsalis, Henry, Proc. Acad. Philada. ; Baird, B. N. A. 

 Numerous examples in my collection, agreeing with Woodhouse's types 

 from the San Francisco Mountains. A not very abundant winter resident at 

 Fort Whipple; times of arrival and departure, and general habits those of 

 oregonus, with which it associates freely. 



The red of the back is a subtriangnlar patch of a bright ferrugineous tint 

 quite different from the chestnut of or eg onus ; its extent is smaller, and it is less 

 distinctly defined against the gray both of the nape and rump ; and does not at 

 any age or season invade the wing coverts. The outer edges of the secondaries 

 are grayish brown, even in full plumaged birds ; but the wing coverts are 

 purely cinereous gray like the rest of the body. The gray extends along the 



* In this there is aa absolute parallelism with J. hyemalis, as observed at Washington, D. C. 



1866.] 



