NATURAL SCIENCES OP PHILADELPHIA. 227 



city of Mexico, and regarded by Dr. Morton as a relic of the genuine Toltecan 

 stock, is a mesocephalic, male skull, with a broad and flat vertex. It resem- 

 bles somewhat the Maya cranium referred to below. 



Nos. 682, 234, 1353 and 1566 are brachycephalic and cubical. No. 1515, a 

 modern Mexican Indian cranium, is intermediate in length and phoxocephulic. 



Nos. 1347, 555, 557, 558 and 689 are dolichocephalic and broadly oval. No. 

 556 is also dolichocephalic, but belongs to the arched type. It has a mam- 

 millated occipital protuberance. 



The skull of a Maya Indian of Yucatan, No. 990, is dolichocephalic, and 

 broadly oval, with a very flat crown and prognathic jaws. 



The Araucanian female crania, Nos. 651 and 652, are long, broadly oval 

 heads. The sides and occipital region being slightly flattened and not. rounded, 

 give a certain angularity or squareness to these he ids, a feature which is 

 more marked in another female skull of this group, No. 654, ou account of the 

 very flat vertex. No. 655, a male cranium, is a longer oval, with a somewhat 

 more prominent occipital region. No. 656, a female skull, resembles some- 

 what the form exhibited by the Pocasset head. No. 995, also a female, has a 

 higher vertex, and is more protuberant in the upper half of the occipital 

 bone. No. 997, a male skull, exhibits the arched type. Nos. 221 and 222 are 

 arched like the Yamassee skulls. 



The only unflattened Charib skull in the collection, No. 692, is a long, 

 moderately high and broadly oval skull. No. 638 and a cast, No. 225, though 

 compressed or flattened heads, evidently belong to the Dolichocephali. 



The Brazilian crania are all dolichocephalic. The Tapuyo skull, No. 1254, is 

 a large, long and broadly oval cranium. Three other Brazilians, Nos. 1513, 

 1528 and 1529 are long, oval heads more or less prominent behind. The 

 Guaycuru skull No. 1530 is also long and oval in form, with a prominent 

 occiput. Nos. 1555 and 1556, two Gentoo skulls from the Purus River, a tribu- 

 tary of the Amazon, are small, oval dolichocephalic crania. 



The collection contains a cast of the skull of a Patagonian, and 

 another of the head of a Puelche girl. The former, No. 1357, (of which No. 

 226 is a duplicate), is large, long and cylindrical or barrel-shaped in form. 

 The latter, No. 1359, is a high, short and broad head with a flat, occipital 

 region. 



Of the 245 Peruvian crania belonging to the Academy's collection, 50 are 

 dolichocephalic and 168 brachycephalic; while the remaining 27 fall into the 

 mesocephalic or intermediate class rather than into either of these two ex- 

 tremes. To the elongated or dolichocephalic form belong all the specimens 

 from Arica enumerated on pages 76, 77 and 78 of my Catalogue of Human Crania, 

 together with nine others from the same locality, added to the collection since 

 the publication of the catalogue. These skulls are artificially distorted, and 

 are referrible to one or another of the grotesque forms exhibited in plates 2, 3, 

 4 and 5 of the Crania Americana. The Arica skull, No. 932, is brachycephalic. 

 To the long-headed class belong also the following, viz: Nos. 415, 1048, 1417" 

 and 1445, from Pisco; No. 231, from Lima; No. 11, an ancient Chimuyan, from 

 Truxillo ; No. 637, a Quichua of upper Peru; No. 1517, a child from Payta ; 

 No. 232, from Atacames ; the casts (Nos. 700, 701, 702, 703, 704, 705, 710 'and 

 711) of ancient Peruvian crania from Titicaca, Coracolla, Pomete and Chim- 

 gauge; and Nos. 940, 941 and 942 from the ruins of old Callao. In Nos. 1048, 

 1417 and 231, we again meet with examples of the narrow, oval form or type ; 

 in Nos. 1445, 1 1, 232, 940 and 942, of the broad oval ; and in Nos. 637, 1517 and 

 941, of the upsicephalic or arched form. 



Ninety-three skulls from Pachacamac are Brachycephali ; eleven others, 

 Nos. 402, 409, 571, 631, 696, 1453, 1457, 1462, 1467, 1489 and 1499, are meso- 

 cephalic. Of these latter, Nos. 571, 631, 696, and 1499, may be referred to the 

 arched form. Had the process of growth and development not been inter- 

 fered with in No. 76 by artificial means, this skull would have been a broadly 

 oval Dolichocephalus. In the brachycephalic group must also be arranged all 



1866.] 



