60 MAMMALIA. 



black lives among the reeds, and climbs to the tops of the 

 highest branches of the bamboos, where it balances itself by- 

 its long arms. We might separate from the other Gibbons the 

 Siamang. 



S. syndactila. Raff., Fred. Cuv., pi. 2, (The Siamang) has the 

 second and third toes of the hind foot united by a narrow mem- 

 brane, the whole length of the first phalanx. It is black the 

 chin and eyebrows red lives in numerous troops, which are 

 led, by courageous and vigilant chiefs, which, at sunrise and 

 sunset, make the forest ring with the most frightful cries. 

 Their larynx has a membranous sac connected with it. 

 All the ensuing monkeys of the eastern continent have the liver 

 divided into several lobes j the caecum thick, short, and without 

 any appendage; the hyoid bone has the form of a shield. 



Cercopithecus, Erxl., partim. 



The long-tailed monkeys(l) have a moderately prominent muz- 

 zle (of 60); cheek-pouches; tail; callosities on the buttocks ; the 

 last of the inferior molares with four tubercles like the rest. Nu- 

 merous species, of every variety of size and colour, abound in 

 Africa, live in troops, and do much damage to the gardens and 

 fields under cultivation. They are easily tamed. 



Simia rubra, Gm.; Buff. XIV, 30 ; Fred. Cuv. 24. (The 

 Patrus.) Red fawn colour above, whitish below; a black band 

 over the eyes, sometimes surmounted with white from Sene- 

 gal. 



Simia xthiops, L.; Buff. XIV, 32 ; Fred. Cuv. 24. (The 

 Collared Mangabey.) A chocolate brown above ; below and 

 the nape of the neck, whitish ; on the head a cap or coif of a 

 lively red; ej^e-lids white. Buffon says it is from Madagascar, 

 and Hasselquist from Senegal ; and in fact Sonnerat declares, 

 there are no monkeys in Madagascar. 



Simia fuliginosa, Geoff.; Buff, XIV, 32; Fred. Cuv. 25. 

 (The Mangabey.) A chocolate brown, uniform above, fawn- 

 coloured below; eye-lids white. Buffon says it is from Mada- 

 gascar, and he believes it to be a variety^ of the preceding. 



Simla sabeea, Lin.; Buff. XIV, 37; Fred. Cuv. 19. (The 

 Green Monkey.)(2) It is greenish above, whitish beneath; face 



[T) Cercopithecus, i. e. tailed monkey, a name used by the Greeks. 



(2) Callithrix, Pliny, 1. 8, c. 54, is the name of an Ethiopian Monkey, furnished 

 with ft beard and a tufted tail, probably tlie Ouanderoic. Buffon arbitrarily applied 

 it to this species. 



