RUMINANTIA. 189 



t)f Europe, and nearly of the same colour, but the disk of the 

 crupper broader and paler ; the antlers equally round, but more 

 developed, and without a palm. Inhabits all the temperate 

 parts of North America. 



C. virginianus, Gm.; Schreb. CCXLVII, H. (The Virginia 

 Deer.) Less than the Fallow Deer of Europe, and of a more 

 graceful figure ; the muzzle more pointed ; of a light fawn colour 

 in summer, reddish-grey in winter ; the under part of the throat 

 and tail white at all times ; inferior third of the tail black with 

 a white tip. The horns of the male, shorter than in the Eu- 

 ropean species, are round, smooth, whitish, and bend outwards, 

 forming an arc of a circle inwards and forwards ; the tines are 

 inserted into their posterior face, that at the base excepted^ 

 they sometimes amount to five or six.(l) 



The species inhabiting warm climates do not change their 

 colour. There are several of these in South America, of which 

 we have as yet no complete account, nor sufficiently compara- 

 tive characters. Such are 



C. paludosus, Desm.; Gauzoii-Poucou, or Great Red Stag^ Azz, 

 It appears to have straighter horns than the preceding ; skin of 

 a bright bay, with a black stripe on the forehead, and black 

 rings round the point of the feet. It prefers marshy grounds. 



C. campestris, Fr. Cuv.; Guazouti, Azz. Antlers short and 

 straight, with tines front and back, which become numerous 

 (Oss. Foss. IV, pi. iii, f. 46 48) ; fawn coloured ; belly, inner 

 sides of the thighs, buttocks and tip of the tail, white.(2) 



There are also several in the East Indies. 



C. axis, L. J Buff. XI, xxxviii, xxxix. (The Indian Stag or Axis.) 

 Fawn coloured at all times, spotted with pure white ', under part 

 of the throat and that of the tail white ; tail fawn coloured, 

 edged above with white; round antlers, which become very 

 large with age, but which never have more than one tine 

 near the base, and the point forked. Originally from Bengal, 

 but propagating easily in Europe. It was known to the Romans. 



Several other Stags with two tines like the Axis are found in 

 India, which have been distinguished but lately. There is one 

 of them, 



C. Aristotelis, Cuv., which has long hairs on the neck and 



(1) See my Oss. Foss. IV, pi. v, f. 1 \7- The Cervus mexicanus, Penn., and 

 Oss. Foss. pi. V, f. 23, may have been a very old Virginia Stag". 



(2) Add Cervus nemoralis, Ham. Smith. [Add also Cerv. macrotis, Say. ./?m. 

 Ed.] 



