264 AVES. 



There is another species in America extremely similar, but 

 rather smaller, mpelis garridus, b, Lin.; ^mp. Americana, 

 Wils. I, vii, 1; Bomby cilia car olinensis, Wils. ; Bomb, cechorum, 

 Vieill., Gal. 118; VailL, Ois. de Par., I, pi. 50. 



There is also one in Japan, B. phoanicoptcra, Tem. ; Col. 450, 

 which has no appendages to the wings, and the tips of whose 

 tail and little wing-coverts are red. 

 Hofmansegg and Illiger, with equal propriety, separate from the 

 Crown-Birds, 



Procnias, Hofman. 



The commissure of whose beak, which is weaker and more de- 

 pressed, extends under the eye. They inhabit America and feed on 

 Insects. 



We may subdivide them still more. 



The Procnias, properly so called, have the throat furnished with 

 feathers. 



One species, Ampelis canmadata, Gm., Enl. 793, is distin- 

 guished by a long, soft caruncle on the base of the beak. In 

 the perfect state it is white, at other times greenish. 

 TheAvERANos (Casmarhynchos, Tem.) areProcniae with a naked 

 throat. 



In one species, the naked portion of the male's throat is co- 

 vered with fleshy caruncles. It is the Jiverano of Buff. IV, p. 

 457; Amp. variegata, Lin.; Col. 51. 



Another, Procn. araponga, Pr. Max. Col. 368, and 383, or 

 Casmar ecaruncidalus^ Spix, 4, only has some very small, thinly 

 scattered feathers in that place. These birds are white in their 

 perfect state; the young male and the female are greenish. 

 Finally, directly after the Crown-Birds, should come 



Gymnoderus, Geoff. 



Where the beak is but very little stronger; but the neck is partly 

 naked, and the head covered with velvet feathers. The species 

 known is also from South America. It is mostly frugivorous, is of 

 the size of a Pigeon, black, with bluish wings; it is the Gracula nu- 

 dicollis, Sh.; the Corviis nudus and the Gracula fetida, Gm. Enl. 

 609.(1) 



(1) The species of Valll. , Ois. de I'Ameriq. et des Indes, pi. xlv, and xlvi, is 

 perhaps different. 

 N.H. Vieillot unites Graculus, Gymnoderus and Cephabpterus, in his genus Co- 



JIACINA. 



