292 AVES. 



so common as the preceding, and frequents the vicinity of 

 villages, &c. 



M. arborea; Jll. nemorosa; Cujelier; Enl. 503, 2; Naum. 100, 

 2. (The Woodlark.) A small, but not so strongly marked 

 tuftj it is smaller, and is otherwise distinguished by a whitish 

 streak round the head, and a white line on the little coverts; 

 prefers the heaths in the interior of the forests. (l) We some- 

 times see in Europe, 



jil. alpestris, Al.flava^ and M. sibirica, Gm. ; Alouette a hausse- 

 colnoir, Enl. 652, 2; Naum. 99, 2, 3; Wils. I, v, 4. From Si- 

 beria and North America; forehead, cheeks, and throat yellow, 

 with black streaks; a large, black, transverse spot on top of the 

 breast; a small pointed tuft behind each ear of the male. 

 Some of them have so stout a beak, that, with respect to it, we 

 might approximate them to the Sparrows. Such are 



Jil. calandra; La Calandre; Enl. 363, 2; Naum. 98, 1. The 

 largest of the European species; brown above; white beneath; 

 a large blackish spot on the breast of the male. From the south 

 of Europe, and the deserts of Asia. 



M. tartarica, and mutabilis, and Tanagra sibirica, Gm. 



Mouette de Tartarie; Sparm. Mus. Carls, pl.xix; Vieill. Galer. 



106. The plumage of the adult black, undulated above with 



grey. It occasionally wanders into Europe. (2) 



In others, the beak is elongated, slightly compressed, and arcuated, 



which connects them with Upupa and Promerops. Such is 



Al. africana^ Gm.; Le Sirli; Enl. 712; Vieill. Galer. 159. 

 Common in all the sandy plains of Africa; its plumage scarcely 

 differs from that of the Arvensis.(3) 



Parus, Lin. 



The Titmouse has a slender, short, conical and straight beak, fur- 

 nished with little hairs at the base, and the nostrils concealed among 

 the feathers. It is a genus of very active little birds, which are 

 continually flitting and climbing from branch to branch, suspending 



(1) Add, of European species, the Girok {Al. italica) ; the Coquillade {M.un- 

 data), Enl. 662 ; M. brachydadyla, Naum. 98, 2. Species foreign to Europe, the 

 Bateleuse, Vaill. Afr. 194; the Dos roiix. Id. 197; the Calotte rousse, Id., 198. 



N.B. The Al. magna, Catesb. , I, 33, is the Sturnus ludovicianus. 



(2) Add, the Tracal, Vaill. Afr. pi. cxcl ; the Jll. gros bee. Id., pi., cxclii. 



(3) Add, M. bifasciata, Rupp., pL, 5; Col., 393. 



N.B. Swainson separates from Alauda the Batekur of Vaill. pi. 194, under the 

 name of Brachonyx ; his Sentinelle, 195, under that of Macrontx ; and of my di- 

 vision with long beaks he makes his Certhilaxjda. 



