passerinjE. 295 



grey beneath, and having the sides of the head whitish, sur- 

 rounded by black lines, forming a triangle. From mountainous 

 districts. (l) 



E. cirlus, L. ; Bruant des haies; Enl. 653j Naum. 102, 3, 4. 

 (The Hedge Bunting.) Throat black; sides of the head yel- 

 low. Builds in the underwood on the borders of fields.(2) 



U. schseniclus, L..; B. de roseaux ', Enl. 247, 2; Naum. 105. 

 (The Reed Bunting.) A black calotte on the head; spots of the 

 same colour on the breast; back, red. Builds at the foot of a 

 bush on the brink of a stream, 8cc.(3) The largest species in 

 France is, 



E. miliaria^ L.; Ze Pro?/er,' Enl. 233; Naum. 10 1, l. (The 

 Common Bunting.) Brownish-grey, every where spotted with 

 a deeper brown. Builds in grass, among grain, &c. The most 

 celebrated for the flavour of its flesh is, 



E. hortidana, L.j Enl. 247, 1; Naum. 103. (The Ortolan.) 

 The back, olive-brown; throat yellowish; the inner side of the 

 two external feathers of the tail, white. Builds in hedges; is 

 very fat and common in autumn. (4) 



E. melanocephala. Scop,; Naum. 101, 2; Fring. crocea, Vieill., 

 Ois. Tab. 27. (The Black-headed Bunting.) Fawn-colour above; 

 yellow underneath; black head. Is sometimes seen in the south 

 of Europe. Also, 



(1) The Emb. lotharingica, Enl. 511, 1, is the same. 



(2) The Emb. passerina is also referred to it ; and perhaps the Emb. promncialis, 

 Enl. 656, 1, and lesbia, lb. 2, are only accidental varieties of the same. See lloux, 

 p. 176 and 178. 



(3) M. Wolf thinks that the Emb. chhrocephala, and the Emb. badensis, should 

 be united with it. 



(4) The Emb. melbensis, Sparm. Mas. Carls., 1, 21, is merely a young' Ortolan. 

 Notwithstanding all the synonymes we have pointed out, we are still compelled 



to remove from this genus the Emb. brumalis, which is the same bird as the Fringill. 

 dtrinella, Enl. 658, 2 ; E. rubra, the same as Fring. erythrocephala, Enl. 665, 1, 

 2 ; all the widows, as I shall hereafter remark ; Emb. quadricolor, Enl. 101, 2 ; 

 Emb. cyanopis, Briss. Ill, pi. viii, fig. 4 ; Emb. cceriilea. Id. lb. xiv, 2, the same as 

 cyanella, Sparm. Carls. IT, 42, 43, which are three cross-beaks ; Emb. quelea, Enl. 

 223, 1 ; Emb. capensis, Enl. 158 and 564 ^ Emb. borbonica, Enl. 321, 2 ; Emb. 

 hrasiliensis, lb. 1, which are four Finches ; Emb. ciris, Enl. 158, which is a Lin- 

 net ; and, finally, Emb. oryzivora, Enl. 388, which has the beak of a Linnet, inde- 

 pendently of the species I have not been able to examine. But we must certainly 

 place in the g'enus Emberiza, the Ei7ib. gubernator, T., Col. 63, the same as the 

 Emb. cristatella, Vieill. Gal. 67 ; Emb. striolata, Ruppel. Av., pi. 10, a ; Emb. 

 csBsia, Id. lb., 6; The 2hnagra cristatella, graminea, rujicollis, Spix, 53, are also 

 Buntings. 



The Emberizoides, Tem., Col. 114, appear to be long and taper-tailed (etag'e) 

 buntings whose beak approaches somewhat to that of the Finches. 



