298 AVES. 



Pyrgita, Cuv.(l) 



In the Sparrows proper the beak is shorter than in the preceding 

 birds, conical, and merely a little convex near the point. 



Fringilla domestica, .nl. 6, 1; Naum. 115. (The Common 

 Sparrow.) Builds in holes of walls, and infests inhabited places 

 by its audacity and voracity. Brown, spotted with black above, 

 grey underneath; a whitish band on the wing; sides of the calotte 

 red in the male; his throat black. 



There is a species, or a variety, in Italy, of which the male's 

 head is entirely chesnut colour Fr. cisalpina, Tem,; Fr. Italise^ 

 Vieill. Galer. 68. The black on the throat sometimes extends 

 to the breast; it is then the Fr. hispaniolensis. 



Fr. montana; Le Friquet; Enl. 267, 1; Naum. 116, 1,2. The 

 Mountain Linnet remains further from our habitations. It has 

 two white bands on the wing, a red calotte and the side of the 

 head white with a black spot.(2) 



Fringilla, Cuv. 



The beak of the Finches is somewhat less arcuated than that of the 

 Sparrows, a little stronger and longer than in the Linnets. Their 

 manners are more lively, and their song more varied than those of 

 the former. There are three species in France. 



Fring. cselehs, L. ; Pingon ordinaire; Enl. 54, 1; Naum. 118. 

 (The Chaffinch.) Brown above; beneath, a vinous-red in the 

 male, greyish in the female; two white bands on the wing; some 

 white on the sides of the tail. Feeds on all sorts of grain and 

 builds indiscriminately on all kinds of trees. 



Fring. montifri7igilla, L. ; Pincon de montagne; Enl. 54, 2; 

 Naum. 119. (The Mountain Finch.) Black, mottled with fawn 

 colour above; fawn coloured breast; under part of the wing of 

 a beautiful lemon. This bird, which varies greatly, builds in the 

 thickest forests, and never visits the plains till winter. 



Fring. nivalis, L. ; Niverolle; Briss. Ill, xv, 1; Naum. 117. 



(1) Pyrgita, the Greek name for the Domestic Finch. 



(2) The Hambouvreux, BufF. {Loxia hamburgia, Gm.) is merely the Friquet, dis- 

 figured by Albin., Ois. Ill, pi. 24. 



We should add to the ordinary Sparrows, the birds that have been scattered 

 about by natui'alists as follows, viz. Fringilla arcuata, Enl. 230, fig. 1, where it is 

 much too red; its true tints are those of the Sparrows; Fr. crucigera, Tem. 269; 

 Emberiza capensis, c, Enl. 389, 2 and g, Enl. 664, 2; Tanagra sileiis, Enl. 742, 

 of which Vieill. has made his genus ARnEMON, Gal. 78; Fring. elegans, Enl. 205, 

 1, "Vieill. Gal. 64; Le pape, Emberiza dris., Enl. 159, which forms the genus Pas- 

 sEHiNA, Vieill., Gal. 66; Loxiaoryx, Enl. 6, 2; Lox. ignicolor, Vieill. Ois. Chant; 

 59; Loxia dominicana, Enl. 55, 2, and the other species, Enl. 103; Fringilla 



