passerinjE. 309 



Garrulus, Cuv. 



The two mandibles of the Jays are but little elongated, terminat- 

 ing in a sudden, and nearly equal curve; when the tail is cuneiform, 

 it is not very long, and the loose and slender feathers of the forehead 

 stand more or less erect when the bird is angry. 



Corvus glantfhi-ius, L,; Enl. 481; Naum. 58, 1. (The Jay of 

 Europe.) Is a fine bird of a vinous grey, with mustachios, and 

 the quills of the tail, black; particularly remarkable for a large 

 spot of dazzling blue, striped with a deep shade of the same 

 colour, which marks a part of the wing coverts. It feeds chiefly 

 on the acorn, and of all birds shows the greatest penchant for 

 imitating all kinds of sounds. It builds in the woods of Europe, 

 and lives in pairs or in small flocks. (1) -S'ee pp. XXIII of Am. 

 Ed. 



Caryocatactes, Cuv. (2) 



The Nutcrackers have the two mandibles straight, equally pointed, 

 and without any curve. There is only one species known. 



Corvus caryocatactes, L.; Enl. 50; Naum. 58, 2; Vieill. Gal. 

 105. (The Common Nutcracker.) Brown; the whole body 

 spotted with white. It builds in the hollows of trees, in dense 

 mountain forests, climbs trees and perforates their bark like the 

 Woodpeckers, feeds on all kinds of fruit, insects, and small 

 birds. Flocks of them sometimes descend into the plains, 

 but at very irregular intervals. It is celebrated for its confi- 

 dence.(3) 



{!)' KM Corvus cristatus, Enl. 529, Vieill. Gal. 102; Goto. Stelleri, Vaill. Ois. de 

 Par. &c. I, 44; Corv. sibiricus, Enl. 608; C. canadensis, Enl. 530, and a variety, 

 Vieill. 48; C. cristatellus, or C cyanoleucos, P. Max.; Col. 193; C. ultramarinus, 

 T. Col. 439; C. torquatus, T. Col. A4:;C . Jloridanus, Ch. Bonap. I, xiii, 1. 



(2) Vieill. has changed this name into Nucifraga. 



(3) N.B. The Corvus hoitentottus,'226, appears to us to be allied to the Tyrants; 

 C. balicassius, 603, is a Drongo; C. calvus, Enl. 521, a Gymnocephalus; C. JVovae 

 Guineas, Enl. 629 and C. papuensis, Enl. 630 belong to Graucalus, Cuv. ; C. spe- 

 ciosus of Sh. is the RolUer de la Chine, Enl. 620, and belongs to the Dentirostres. 

 Temtn. makes aPyroll of it. Col. Enl. 401; C.Jlaviventris, Enl. 249, is a Tyrant; 

 C. mexicanus is probably a Cassicus or a Weaver, and C. argirophtalmus, Brown, 

 111., 10, is certainly one; C. rufipennis, Enl. 199, is a Thrush, the same as Turdus 

 morio; C. cyanurus, Enl. 355, C. hracliyurus, Enl. 257 and 258, and C. grallarius, 

 of Shaw, Enl. 702 are Ant-catchers; C. caruncidatus, Daud., a Philedon. 



We have approximated C. pyrrhocorax, Enl. 531, to the Thrushes and C. gra- 

 cuius, Enl. 255 to Upupa. We are of opinion that C eremita does not exist. 

 The C. carihceus, Aldrov. 788, is a Bee-eater, the account of which has been stolen 

 by Dutertre to describe an object of which he had no recollection: finally, C. 

 gymnocephalus, Tem. Col. 3275 appears to us to belong to the family of the Den- 

 tirostres. 



