320 AVES. 



The stems of the primary wing-quills are singularly widened in 

 some of them,(l) and among those which have none of these orna- 

 ments, we may still distinguish the fork-tailed species,(2) some of 

 which have their very long lateral quills widened at the end.(3) 



Among those which have a square or slightly emarginated 

 tail, there is one worthy of notice from its extreme smallness, 

 the 



Troth, minimus, Enl. 276, 1; Edw. 105; Vieill. 64. It is of a 

 violet-grey colour, and about the size of a Bee. 



Another, on the contrary, because it is the largest of the whole 

 genus, the 



Troch. gigas, Vieill., Gal. 180, which is almost equal in size 

 to the Hirundo apus.{i) 



UpupA; Liti. 

 In this genus we will first place, 



Fregilus, Cuv.(5) 



Where the nostrils are covered with feathers directed forwards, 

 from which circumstance several authors have placed these birds 

 with the Crows, which they also somewhat resemble in their man- 

 ners; their beak is a little longer than the head. 



Corvus graculus, L.; Le crave d'Europe, Enl. 255; Naum. 57, 

 2; Vieill. Galer. 163. The size of a Crow; black; red feet and 

 beak; wings reaching to the end of the tail or extending beyond 



Nis; the straight beaked ones, in which the quills of the wings are inflated, 

 Camptlopterus; and those with a forked tail, Ctnanthus. 



(1) 7V. latipennis, Enl. 672, 2; Vieill. 21; Tr. ensipennis, Swains. Zool. 111. 

 107; Tr. fulcatus, lb. 82. 



(2) Tr. mellivorus, Enl. 640; Edw. 35, Vieill. 23, 24; Tr. amethystinus, Gm. 

 Enl. 672, 1; TV. furcatus, Enl. 509, 2; Vieill. 54; Tr. forjicatus, Vieill. 60; TV. 

 smaragdo-sap/iirinus,Yiei\\. 36, 40; Tr. colubris, Edw. 38; Catesb. 65; Vieill. 31, 32, 

 33; TV. Maugeanus, Vieill. 37, 38; TV. Langsdorijii, Vieill. 66, 1; TV. enicurus, 

 Vieill. 66, 3; TV. mediastinus, Tem. Col. 317; Orthor. cora. Less, and Garn. 34, 4. 



(3) Tr.platurus,YiQ\\\. 52. 



(4) Other species with square, or but slightly emarginated tails: TV. mosquitus, 

 L., Enl. 227, 2; TV. carbunculus, Vieill. 54; Tr. ourissia, Enf. 227, 3; T")-, mel- 

 lisu^us, L. Enl. 640, 2; Tr. rubinetis, Gm. Enl. 276, 4, Vieill. 27; TV. auritus, 

 Sh. Vieill. 25; Tr. collaris, Vieill. 61, 62; Tr. superbus, S\i.; lo7igirostris, YieiU. 

 59, Col. 299, l;Tr. mellivorus, I, Enl. 640, 2;Tr. leucogaster, Gm. Vieill. 43; 

 Tr. imbricatus, Gm. Vieill. 221; TV. albirostris,Y\Q\\\. 45; Tr. viridis, Vieill. 41; 

 Tr. maculaius, Vieill. 44; Tr. saphyrinus, Sh. Vieill. 35 and 37, 2; TV. sgua- 

 mosus, Tem. Col. 203, 1;Tr. albicolUs, I, Col. 203, 2; Orthor. Amasili, Less, and 

 Garn. Voy. de la Coq. 31, 3. 



(5) Vieillot has changed this name for Cokacias, which, according to Linnsiis, 

 is that of the Hollers. 



