GRALLATORIiE. 391 



Meyer 5 Tfinga fulicaria, L., Edw. 142;(l) Crymophile roux, 

 Vieill., Gal., 270. This bird is rare in Europe. 



Strepsilas.(2) 



The Turn-stones stand rather low; the bill is short, and the toes 

 are without membranes, like those of the true Sandpipers; but this 

 bill is conical, pointed, without any depression, compression, or in- 

 flation, and the nasal fossae do not extend to more than half its 

 length. The thumb barely reaches the ground. Their bill, which 

 is stronger and stiffer in proportion than that of the preceding birds, 

 enables them to overturn stones, beneath which they find worms. 



The mantle of one species is varied with black and red; head 

 and belly, white; cheeks and breast, black; it is disseminated 

 throughout both continents, and is the Tringa interpres, L., 

 Enl. 856. There is also one varied with grey and brown, which 

 is perhaps but the same species at a different age Enl. 340 

 and 857; Vieill. Gal. 237.(3) 



TOTANUS, CUV.(4) 



The beak of these birds is slender, round, pointed and solid; the 

 nasal fossae do not extend beyond the half of its length, and the 

 upper mandible is slightly arcuated near the end. Their form is 

 light and their legs long; but a small part of their thumb rests on 

 the ground; their external web is well marked. Each of the species 

 is found throughout almost the whole of the globe. 



Scol. glottis, L.; Chevalier aux pieds verts; Albin. II, 69; Al- 

 drov. Orn. Ill, 535; Brit. Zool. pi. c. 1? As large as a Limosa, 

 beak thick and strong, a brown ash colour above and on the 

 sides; edges of the feathers dotted with brown; white rump and 

 belly; tail marked with narrow and irregular grey and white 

 stripes; the feet green. In summer the neck and breast are 

 spotted with brown; in winter the whole under part of the body 

 is white. It is the largest of all the European species. Scol. 

 fusca, L.; Cheval rtoir; Barge brune; Buff. Enl. 875; Frisch, 

 236,(5) has the graceful form of the Godwit, and in summer is 

 a blackish brown above and slate-coloured beneath; the feathers 



(1) Gmelin has increased the confusion by quoting this bird as a variety of the 

 hyperborea. 



(2) Vieillot has changed this name into that of Arenaria, Gal. pi. 237. 



(3) See Edw., 141; Naum., Suppl. 62, f. 118; Wils. VII, Ivii, 2. The Chevalier 

 varie, Enl. 300, referred by Meyer to Strepsilas, is merely a Ruff. 



(4) Totano, the Venetian name of a Limosa or Totanus. 



(5) According to Meyer, the Scol. curonica and cantabrigiensis, and the Tringa 

 atra, Gm. should be referred to this bird. The two first are the young ones. 



