(1) AddofEurop. Spec: St. DougalUfMonttig.; Weill., Ga.]. 290; St. angllca, 

 Id., or nranea, Wils. VIII, Ixxii, 6; St. ardica. Tern.; St. leucopareia. Natter. ;-=- 

 St. lcucoptera,Tem., Schinz., Ois., de Suisse, frontisp. 



Of spec, foreign to Europe: St. cayana, Enl. 998; St. melanauchen. Tern. Col. 

 427; St. mdanogusler. Id. Col. 434; St. fuliginosa, Wils. 



m 



414 ' AVES. ;j 



'1 

 which retitler their flight and carriage analogous to those of Swal- 

 lows, Their bill is pointed, compressed, and straight, without ^ 

 curve or projection; the nostrils, placed near its base, are oblong *i 

 and pierced quite through; the membranes which unite their toes 

 are deeply emarginate, consequently they swim but seldom. They 

 fly over the waves in every direction and with great rapidity, uttering 

 loud cries, and skilfully raising from the surface of the water the 

 MoUusca and small Fish on which they feed. They also penetrate to j 

 the lakes and rivers of the interior. The most common species that 

 is found on the fresh waters of France in the spring is, 



St. hirundo, L.; Le Pierre- Gar in, Sec, Enl. 987; Frisch, 219; ' , 



Naum. 37, f. 52; Wils. VII, Ix, 1. (The Common Tern.) In 

 the adult state, white with a light ash-coloured mAnile, black 

 calotte, red feet, and red bill with a black point. It is about 

 one foot long, and two feet from the tip of on^wing to that of the 

 other.* 



St. minuta, L.; Petit Hir. de mer, Enl. 996; Wils. V, Ix, 2; 

 Naum. 38, f. 55, (The Small Tern.) Only differs from the pre- ^ 

 ceding by being a third smaller, and having a white forehead. 

 St. cantiaca, Albin. II, Ixxxviii; Hir. de mer a bee noir, is larger 

 than S. hirimdo; the beak is black, with a yellow point: the St. 

 striata, Gm., Lath. VI, pi. 98, is its young. 



St. caspia, Pall. Sparm,, Mus, Carls., Ixii; Meyer, Ois. d'Al- 

 Iem.,11, vi; Sav., Egypt., Ois, pi. ix, F. 1. (The Caspian Tern,) 

 The largest of the European species; white, with an ash colour- 

 ed mantle; occiput, black and white mixed; red beak and black 

 feet. 



St. nigra, Jissipes and naevia; Hir. de mer noire, Enl. 338 and 

 924; Frisch, 220. (The Black Tern.) The tail less forked; 

 when young, its mantle is spotted with black; the adult is al- 

 most entirely of a blackish ash colour. 



Among the species foreign to Europe, we should notice the 

 Hir. de^ner a aigrettes, St. inca. Less, and Garn., from the coast 

 of Peru, Voy. de la Coq., Zool, pi. 47, which is black; red bill 

 and feet; a band on the cheek, and. the feathers of the ear pen- 

 dent and white. (1) 



