1 6 The Scottish Naturalist. 



on the leaves, but is readily distinguished from the former, 

 though frequently they occur on the same leaf. It seems 

 almost, if not quite, restricted to the lower surface of the leaf, 

 where it forms irregular patches of very variable extent, but 

 frequently more or less limited by the larger veins of the leaf. 

 The patches are usually more or less scattered ; but frequently 

 several seem to fuse together, and may cover a large part of the 

 leaf. At first yellowish in colour they soon become darker, and 

 finally become rusty brown. Usually opposite to each patch 

 there is on the upper surface of the leaf a yellowish or reddish 

 spot; but the galls are, as already said, confined to the lower 

 surface. They consist of a close velvety pile of short, blunt, 

 clubbed hairs ; the club bears numerous very short branches 

 or tubercles, or may be nearly smooth, and each hair is sup- 

 ported on a tapering stalk. Among these hairs live the four- 

 footed mites. 



These galls were abundant on some plants of Primus padus 

 at Forres in September, along with the " nail-galls," and I have 

 also found them at Banchory, near Kingcausie, on Deeside. 

 They have been described and figured by several Continental 

 botanists as Fungi, under the names Erineum padinum, Duv., 

 (Sec, E. padifieum, Fries, or Rubigo padi, Mart. Greville gives 

 a good description and figure of the supposed fungus, under 

 the name Erineum padi, in his ' Scottish Cryptogamic Flora,' 

 vol. iii. t. 157, fig. 1. 



They seem widely distributed in Germany, and have been 

 described by Dr Fr. Loew from Bavaria (' Verh. Z. B. Gesellsch., 

 Wien, 1878, p. 140). 



Chenopodium album, L. 



Atrtplex patula, L. 



A. BABINGTON1I, Woods. 



On all of these plants one may frequently observe the leaves 

 fleshy, pale, and rolled so as to enclose a space lengthwise, in 

 which live multitudes of Aphis atriplicis, L. These pseudo- 

 galls seem to be of very general distribution. 



QUERCUS ROBUR, L. 



(x) Galls of ApJiilotJirix allwpunctata, Schlecht., were found by 

 me in May of this year near Aberdeen. The species was pub- 

 lished as Scottish by Mr Cameron some years ago. The galls 

 are sunk in the buds, projecting from among the bud-scales, and 

 fall out of the buds to the ground in June. They are oval or 

 ovate, about \-\ inch long x \-\ inch thick, have usually 



