22 The Scottish Naturalist. 



Jasione montana — Sheep - bit. Gaelic : dubhan nan caora 

 (O'Reilly). Dubhan. a kidney ; caora, sheep. 



Campanulace^e. 



Campanula — Gaelic : barr-c/uigeannach, bell-flowered. 



1 ' Barr-cluigeannachsva.iaX.eQ.daL gorm-bhileach. " 

 Bell-flowered extended, blue-petalled. 



C. rotundifolia — Round-leaved bell-flower. Gaelic : brbg na 

 cubhaig, the cuckoo's shoe. Am pluran cluigeannach, the bell- 

 like flower. Welsh : byscdd ellyilon, imp's ringers. Scotch : 

 witch's thimbles. 



Lobelia dortmanna — Water-lobelia. Plur an lochain, the lake- 

 flower. 



Ericaceae. 



Erica tetralix — Cross-leaved heath. Gaelic : fraoch frangach, 

 French heath. Fraoch an ruinnse, rinsing heath ; a bunch of its 

 stems tied together makes an excellent scouring brush, the other 

 kinds being too coarse. {Fraoch, anciently fraech.) Welsh: 

 griig. Greek : ipetKw, ereiko, to break, from the supposed qual- 

 ity of some of the species in breaking the stone (medicinally). 

 The primary meaning seems to be to burst, to break, and appears 

 to be cognate with the Latin, fractum. Fraoch also means 

 wrath, fury, hunger. " Laoch bu gharg fraoch" (Ull.), a hero 

 of the fiercest wrath. "Fraoch/" fury, the war-cry of the 

 M'Donalds. 



E. vagans — Cornish heath. Celtic : gooneleg (Dr Hooker), 

 the bee's resort. 



E. cinerea — Smooth-leaved heath. Gaelic : fraoch bhadain, 

 the tufted heath. 



" Barr axifhraoch bhadanaick." — Old Song. 

 The top of the tufted heath. 



" Gur badanach caoineil mileanta 

 Cruinn mopach, min cruth, rnongoineach 

 Fraoch groganach, du dhonn gris dearg. " — M'lNTYRE. 

 Literally — 



That heath so tufty, mellow, sweet-lipped, 

 Round, moppy, delicate, ruddy, 

 Stumpy, brown, and purple. 



Fraoch an dearrasain, the heath that makes a rustling or buzzing 

 sound. 



The badge of Clan M 'Donald. 



Calluna vulgaris — Ling heather. Gaelic : fraoch. Heath or 



