20 HEREDITY AND DEVELOPMENT OF NAVAL OFFICERS. 



TABLE 6. Fighting naval officers and the allied vocations of their close relations. 



44. HORATIO NELSON. Preeminent strategist, tactician, and fighter; hero of the Nile, Copen- 

 hagen, and Trafalgar. 



Maternal side: Mother: a woman "of some force of character." Mother's brother, captain 

 in the navy and comptroller in the naval board. The mother's mother's mother's 

 brother, Sir Robert Walpole, prime minister of England; also his brother Gal- 

 fridus Walpole, of the navy, a fighter. 



Paternal side: The only distinguished ones were clergymen. 



Comment: Nelson's strategic insight may be an inheritance from both sides; a nomadic 

 tendency may be in his mother's brother (Captain Suckling). His hyperkinetic 

 reaction is possibly a new mutation. 



11. COCHRANE. Naval commander, wherever fortune led him. 



Maternal side: Mother's father, a captain of the Royal Navy. 



Paternal side: Father, enlisted in army; transferred to navy and became an acting lieuten- 

 ant; grew weary of this and turned toward natural science; a speculator in scien- 

 tific matters and an inventor. Father's brothers: Charles, a colonel in the British 

 army, killed at Yorktown; Alexander, a distinguished admiral of the blue; Andrew, 

 a colonel in the army "who threw up the service in disgust and became a mem- 

 ber of Parliament." The father of the foregoing fraternity entered the army early, 

 but retired with the rank of major. 



Comment: There is perhaps inconstancy rather than pure nomadism on the paternal side, 

 although Alexander persisted in his nomadic profession. There was probably a 

 love of the sea in the mother's father. 



13. GUSHING. Love of adventure. 



Maternal side: A brother of the mother "was lost or died at sea," presumably as a seaman 

 of some sort. A sister of the mother, Elizabeth W. Smith, married John Pillsbury, 

 a printer, and had a son, John Elliott, who was a graduate of the U. S. Military 

 Academy, 1862, who served continuously in the navy until retired in 1908 and 

 is best known for his inventions of deep-sea measuring apparatus. 



Paternal side: The father was Milton Gushing, who graduated in medicine; removed to 

 Zanesville, Ohio, where he was a local merchant; then to Columbus, Ohio, and in 

 1837 to Wisconsin where he was appointed justice of the peace; in 1844 to Chicago 

 and 1847 back to Ohio, where he died. 



Comment: On both sides there is restlessness; on the mother's side, at least, a love of the 



sea. 



26. HAWKINS, JOHN. "Patriarch of the sea rovers"; brother was a ship-owner who commanded 

 his own flotilla. 



Maternal side: Little known; his mother's father's father was Sir John Trelawny, warrior 

 with King Henry at Agincourt. 



Paternal side: Father, one of the greatest sea captains in the west of England, an officer of 

 the navy of Henry VIII, the first Englishman to sail into the southern seas; he made 

 at least three voyages to Brazil. 



Comment: Here is evidence of adventurousness on both sides, but most marked on the 

 paternal. The same trait reappears in the son of the propositus, who, at the age 

 of 33 (1593), went on an expedition of exploration around South America, was 

 made a captive, and was sent to Spain for several years; he died at the age of 62, 

 while engaged against the Algerian pirates. 



28. HORNBY. An able commander, nomadic and thalassophilic. One brother was captain of 

 the Royal Engineers; another was provost of Eton College. 



Maternal side: His mother's father was General "Saratoga" Burgoyne, a decidedly uncon- 

 trolled sort of a man, given to gambling; also a writer of plays; a gallant army 

 officer, who in the year 1759 introduced light cavalry into the British army. His 

 son, Sir John Fox Burgoyne, was a great army engineer. 



Paternal side: Father, a naval officer of no great distinction, who was appointed to the 

 Board of Admiralty. Father's brother became lieutenant colonel and father's 

 father was a colonel in the army for a time and then a clergyman. 



Comment: The maternal side shows the greater brilliancy and restlessness; apparently 

 love of the sea is more marked on the paternal side. 



