CALANTHE. 



781 



into various sized pieces which are rapidly gelatinized. 

 The gelatinized grains are large and very much distorted, 

 and do not retain as much of the form of the untreated 

 grain as do those of C. vestita var. rubro-oculata. 



CALANTHE BUTAN (HYBRID). 



(Charts D 627 to D 634.) 



HISTOLOGIC PROPERTIES (See Foot-note, page 769). 

 In form most of the grains appear to be simple and 

 isolated with the exception of a few which are found in 

 aggregates, usually consisting of 3 components. Com- 

 pound grains are rarely determined. Since a hilum is not 

 usually demonstrable definite statements as to simple 

 and compound grains are unsatisfactory. Well-defined 

 pressure facets similar to those of C. vestita var. rubro- 

 oculata are rarely observed, but are more frequent than in 

 C. regnieri. The surface of the grain is frequently 

 irregular, the irregularities being due to the same causes 

 as those of both parents. The grains are more irregular 

 than in C. vestita var. rubro-oculata, but not quite so 

 irregular as in C. regnieri. The conspicuous forms are 

 ellipsoidal, sometimes with squared or crenate distal end; 

 potato-shaped; pyriform; renifonn; nearly round; and 

 plano-convex, often with rounded central protuberances 

 on the plane surface. The additional forms are pure 

 ovoid, pyriform with 1 end curved, round, shield-shaped, 

 irregular rhomboidal, and grains of indefinite shape. 

 The conspicuous separated grains are dome-shaped, bell- 

 jar-shaped, and ovoid grains with a unilateral concave 

 depression. Most of the grains mentioned have an undu- 

 lating margin, and many have a crenate distal margin ; 

 this absence from the pure type is much more evident than 

 in C. vestita var. rubro-oculata, but not so marked as 

 in C. regnieri. The grains are much more varied in 

 shape with a more even balance between slender and 

 broadened types than in either parent. The grains vary 

 from slightly to much flattened, the mean much more 

 laterally compressed than those of C. vestita var. rubro- 

 oculata, with the mean somewhat less flattened than in 

 C. regnfari. When viewed on edge they are ovoid, nar- 

 row ellipsoidal, lenticular to rod-shaped, the more flat- 

 tened types frequently exhibiting a median central line 

 resembling a fissure. In form the majority of the grains 

 are closer to those of C. regnieri and the minority to C. 

 vestita var. rubro-oculata. 



The hilum is not demonstrable in most grains, much 

 less frequently than in C. vestita var. rubro-oculata, but 

 in somewhat more grains than in C. regnieri. When 

 demonstrable it is a small, non-refractive, round or len- 

 ticular spot; the latter may be directed longitudinally. 

 Either a small rounded cavity or a short straight or cres- 

 centic transverse cleft is occasionally present at the hilum. 

 Definite fissures leaving the hilum are less varied and 

 usually lack the refractivity present in C. vestita var. 

 rubro-oculata, but they are more frequent, varied, and 

 usually more clearly defined than in C. regnieri. The 

 majority of the grains are composed of refractive masses 

 which are separated by translucent non-refractive lines, 

 more frequently arranged as a median line with scattered 

 lateral branches; in some grains these lines appear as a 

 close network, or the refractive mass forming the body 

 of the grain appears as though pitted by translucent 

 dots; such grains are not observed in C. vestita var. 

 rubro-oculata, and the former are much more frequent 



and the latter less frequent than in C. regnieri. The 

 position of the hilum is centric to quite eccentric; the 

 range of eccentricity varies from 0.33 to 0.11, commonly 

 about 0.2 to 0.17, of the longitudinal axis. Since the 

 hilum is frequently not demonstrable, these figures must 

 be considered provisional. In the character and eccen- 

 tricity of the hilum the grains of C. bryan are closer 

 to those of C. regnieri. 



The lamella are not usually demonstrable, less fre- 

 quently than in C. vestita var. rubro-oculata, but some- 

 what more frequently than in C. regnieri. The surface 

 in a moderate number of smaller grains is homogeneously 

 refractive, not nearly so often as in C. vestita var. rubro- 

 oculata, but yet considerably more frequently than in C. 

 regnieri. In such grains 1 lamella may be distinct and 

 located moderately near the margin, the marginal band 

 thus separated from the main body of the grain being 

 even more refractive than the main body of the grain, 

 similar to that described for C. vestita var. rubro-oculata, 

 but not C. regnieri. Rarely a few lamella? may be distinct 

 near the hilum, not quite so frequently as in C. vestita var. 

 rubro-oculata, but more frequently than in C. regn icri. In 

 the main body of the majority of grains no lamellae are de- 

 monstrable, but this region is heterogeneously refractive, 

 and is surrounded by a refractive border; the boundary 

 between the main body and the border may be demarcated 

 either by a refractive lamella or what appears to be a 

 fissure; frequently no lamella are demonstrable in this 

 border, but occasionally 2 or 3 are moderately distinct; 

 such, grains are not observed in C. vestita var. rubro- 

 oculata, they are similar to those commonly found in 

 the other parent, but there is either no border or it is 

 usually broader if present than in that species. The 

 lamelke of the grains of C. bryan are usually not demon- 

 strable as in the grains of C. regnieri and when they 

 are seen they are usually closer to those of C. vestita var. 

 rubro-oculata. Lamella? throughout the entire grain 

 can not be counted and hence no number can be given. 



The size varies from the smaller, which are 7 by 

 6/t, to the larger, which are 48 by 24/j. in length and 

 breadth; commonly about 30 by 22/x in length and 

 breadth. The grains of C. bryan are larger than either 

 parent, but are closer to C. regnieri than to C. vestita 

 var. rubro-oculata. In proportion of length to width 

 they are closer to C. vestita var. rubro-oculata. 



POLABISCOPIC PROPERTIES. 



The figure varies from centric to quite eccentric but 

 is more frequently not distinct, much less often than in 

 C. vestita var. rubro-oculata, but distinct in consider- 

 ably more grains than in C. regnieri. When distinct 

 throughout, the lines have the same character and 

 arrangement as in both parents. The arrangement more 

 frequently observed is the same as ,the minority in C. 

 vestita var. rubro-oculata and as in most grains of C. 

 regnieri the box is often rectangular, but it occurs with 

 considerably less frequency and is less seldom pierced 

 at the sides than in C. regnieri. Double and multiple 

 figures are present, more numerous than in C. vestita var. 

 rubro-oculata and these are not observed in the other 

 parent. 



The degree of polarization is more frequently absent 

 or very low in the mesial portion, but in a moderate 

 proportion of grains it is high to very high (value 45), 



