CONTENTS. 



PAGE. 



Introduction 173 



Studies on the ostracod crustacean 



Cypridina hilgendorfii: 

 General character of light and of 



luminous gland 174 



Nature of the light-secretion 175 



Porcelain filtration 175 



Lack of oxygen 176 



Desiccation and ether extraction 176 



Chemical tests on the secretion 176 



Luciferin and lucif erase 176 



Photophelein and photogenin 178 



Distribution of photophelein and photo- 

 genin in organisms 179 



Dialysis 183 



Adsorption 183 



Temperature 183 



Stability 184 



Preservatives and anesthetics 184 



Protein precipitants 186 



Acids and alkalies 186 



Potassium cyanide 188 



Saturation with sugar, (NH 4 ) 2 SO4, and 



NaCl 188 



Concentration of photogenin and photo- 

 phelein in Cypridina 188 



Is photogenin used up in light-produc- 

 tion with photophelein? 189 



Summary of results from Cypridina. . . . 191 

 Studies on fireflies: 



Desiccation and extraction with fat 



solvents 193 



Extraction with aqueous solvents and 



effect of oxygen 195 



Distribution of photogenin and photo- 

 phelein in the firefly and other 



organisms 197 



Concentration of photogenin and pho- 

 tophelein necessary to produce light . . 199 

 Properties of photogenin and photo- 

 phelein 199 



Summarizing table 200 



172 



PAGE. 



Studies on a pennatulid, C'arernularia 



haberi: 

 General characters of the animal and 



of the photogenic material 202 



Electrical stimulation 203 



Lack of oxygen 204 



Reductase, oxidase, and catalase 204 



Temperature 205 



Photogenin and photophelein 205 



Chemical reactions 207 



Anesthetics 207 



Potassium cyanide 208 



Summary of results from Cavernularia . . 208 

 Studies on luminous bacteria: 



Desiccation and extraction with fat 



solvents 209 



Effect of lack of oxygen 212 



Photogenin and photophelein 214 



Temperature 215 



Oxidase and catalase 216 



Luminous bacteria and osmotic pressure 216 

 Luminous bacteria and balanced solu- 

 tions 217 



Effect of acids and alkalies 218 



Effect of homologous alcohols (anes- 

 thetics) 219 



Effect of potassium cyanide 220 



Summary of results from luminous bac- 

 teria 220 



Studies on a squid, Watasenia stint Mans: 

 General characteristics of light-produc- 

 tion 222 



Photogenin and photophelein 223 



Studies on a fish, Monocentris japonica . . . 223 

 Studies on oxidative chemiluminescent 

 reactions with substances of definite 

 composition: 



Historical 224 



The chemiluminescence of pyrogallol . . . 225 



Significance for bioluminescence 232 



Summary of study of chemiluminescent 



reactions 232 



General conclusions 233 



Bibliography 234 



