CHAPTER 1 1. 



CONDUCTIVITIES, TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENTS OF CONDUCTIVITY, 



DISSOCIATIONS, AND CONSTANTS OF CERTAIN ORGANIC 



ACIDS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS. 



BY LESLIE D. SMITH. 



A part of Dr. Smith's work with the organic acids has already 

 appeared in Publication No. 170 of the Carnegie Institution of Wash- 

 ington. The remainder of his work is included in this chapter. 



INTRODUCTION. 



This investigation is a continuation of work which has been in 

 progress during the past 12 years on the conductivity, temperature 

 coefficients of conductivity, and dissociation of electrolytes between 

 and 65. The work was undertaken in connection with the solvate 

 theory of solution, which was proposed by Jones about 15 years ago. 



The first work was done by Jones and West 1 on certain salts, and 

 extended over the temperature range to 35. 



The second investigation was by Jones and Jacobson 2 on a number 

 of salts, over the same range in temperature. 



The work of White and Jones 3 was on the conductivity, dissociation, 

 and dissociation constants of a number of organic acids from to 35. 



The fourth investigation was by Clover and Jones, 4 using organic 

 acids and salts. The conductivities were measured from 35 to 80. 

 This was the first piece of work done in this laboratory over the higher 

 range in temperature. 



The second piece of work of White and Jones 5 was on the conduc- 

 tivity, dissociation, and dissociation constants of a number of organic 

 acids from to 35. 



The second investigation of Jones and West 6 was on a number of 

 salts between 35 and 65. 



The seventh investigation in this field was by Wightman and Jones, 7 

 on the conductivity, dissociation, and dissociation constants of organic 

 acids between and 35. 



The eighth, by Hosford and Jones, 8 had to do with the conductivities, 

 temperature coefficients of conductivity, and dissociation of certain 

 electrolytes from to 35. 



The ninth, by Winston and Jones, 9 dealt with the conductivities, 

 temperature coefficients of conductivity, and dissociation of certain 

 salts from to 35. Miss Winston independently worked out an 

 interesting theory of induction in solution. 



r. Chem. Jouni., 34, 357 (1905). *Ikid., 43, 187 (1910). 7 Ibid., 46, 56 (1911). 

 2 Ibid., 40, 355 (1908). *Ibid., 44, 159 (1910). s lbid., 46, 240 (1911). 



3 Ibid., 42, 520 (1909). 6 Ibid., 44, 508 (1910). 9 Ibid., 46, 368 (1911). 



47 



