48 CONDUCTIVITIES AND DISSOCIATIONS 



The second investigation by Wightman and Jones 1 had to do with the 

 conductivity and dissociation of certain organic acids from 35 to 65. 



The eleventh investigation in this field was by Springer and Jones, 2 

 on the conductivity, dissociation, and dissociation constants of a large 

 number of organic acids between and 65. 



The twelfth piece of work was done by Howard and Jones 3 on the 

 conductivity, temperature coefficients of conductivity, and dissociation 

 of certain electrolytes between 35 and 65. 



The thirteenth research was carried out by Shaeffer and Jones 4 on 

 the conductivity, temperature coefficients of conductivity and dissocia- 

 tion of certain salts. They also studied the effect of hydration and 

 hydrolysis. A number of salts which had presented apparent abnor- 

 malities in the earlier work were studied. 



All of the above work, and that which was done by Smith over 

 the temperature range 35 to 65, has been discussed in Publication 

 No. 170 of the Carnegie Institution of Washington. 



The foregoing brief survey of the investigations in this laboratory 

 is all that is necessary here, since the papers by White and Jones 5 and 

 by Wightman and Jones, 6 already referred to, contain a careful review 

 of the work previously done on the conductivity of organic acids in 

 aqueous solution. 



PURPOSE OF THE INVESTIGATION. 



The object of this investigation was to secure more data concerning 

 the dissociation of organic acids over a wide range in temperature and 

 dilution, to improve methods, to test the work already done, and to 

 discover new relations between the additional data obtained. 



EXPERIMENTAL. 



The investigation here discussed extended over about two years. 

 The first year was devoted to a study of the conductivity and disso- 

 ciation of certain organic acids at 35, 50, and 65. The acids used 

 were some of those that had been studied at the lower temperatures 

 by other workers. The readings at 35 were repeated, and the agree- 

 ments were very satisfactory. Where the difference was appreciable 

 the work was repeated. If the difference was still too great to be due 

 to unavoidable experimental error, the readings at the lower tempera- 

 tures were taken again and a complete set of new data secured. The 

 agreements were very close in practically every case, although the 

 readings were taken by different investigators. 



The work during the last year was devoted to the study of several 

 acids at the lower temperatures, 0, 12.5, 25, and 35. 



. Chem. Journ., 48, 320 (1912). 3 Ibid., 48, 501 (1912). *Ibid., 44, 156 (1910). 

 '., 48, 411 (1912). *lbid., 49, 207 (1913). *Ibid., 46, 56(1911). 



