XERVOUS SYSTEM OF VERTEBRATA. 



267 



[Fig. 130. 



Cerebro-spinal system, but also nu- 

 merous minute ganglia, which are 

 to be found on its branches in vari- 

 ous parts, and, in addition, the gan- 

 glia upon the posterior roots of the 

 Spinal nerves. If, indeed, we are 

 to regard the fine nerve - fibres, 

 wherever they present themselves, 

 as belonging to the Visceral sys- 

 tem, we must regard this as still 

 largely interwoven with the Cere- 

 bro-spinal system, notwithstanding 

 that the former has its own set of 

 ganglionic centres ; since, as already 

 mentioned ( 244), these peculiar 

 fibres are found in considerable 

 numbers in all the Cerebro-spinal 

 nerves, and maybe shown to origi- 

 nate in the caudate corpuscles of 

 the Brain and Spinal Cord. On 

 the other hand, there unquestion- 

 ably exist numerous fibres in the 

 Visceral system, which proceed 

 into it from the Cerebro-spinal sys- 

 tem ; these, however, are not uni- 

 formly distributed, for some of the 

 Visceral nerves contain few or none 

 of them, whilst in others they are 

 numerous. The branches by which 

 the Sympathetic system communi- 

 cates with the Cerebro-spinal, and 

 which were formerly considered as 

 the roots of the Sympathetic sys- 

 tem, contain fibres of both kinds : 

 i. e., Cerebrc-spinal fibres passing 

 into the Sympathetic, and Sym- 

 pathetic fibres passing into the 

 Cerebro - spinal. The latter are 

 chiefly, if not entirely, transmit- 

 ted into the anterior branches of 

 the Spinal nerves ; the posterior 

 branches being principally supplied 

 with fine fibres, from the ganglia on 



A view of the Great Sympathetic Nerve. 1, the plexus on the carotid artery in the carotid foramen : 

 2, sixth nerve (motor externus); 3, first branch of the fifth or ophthalmic nerve ; 4, a branch on the sep- 

 tum narium going to the incisive foramen; 5. the recurrent branch or vidian nerve dividing into the 

 carotid and petrosal branches; 6, posterior palatine branches; 7, the lingual nerve joined by the corda 

 tympani; 8, the portio dura of nie seventh pair or the facial nerve; 9, the superior cervical ganglion; 

 10, the middle cervical ganglion ; 11, the inferior cervical ganglion ; 12, the roots of the great splanchnic 

 nerve arising from the dorsal ganglia; 13, the lesser splanchnic nerve; 14, the renal plexus; 15. the solar 

 plexus; 1C, the mesenteric plexus; 17, the lumbar ganglia; 18, the sacral ganglfe; 19, the vesical plexus; 

 20, the rectal plexus; 21, the lumbar plexus (cerebro-spinal) ; 22, the rectum; 23. the bladder; 24. the 

 pubis; 25, the crest of the ileum; 26, the kidney ; 27, the aorta; 28. the diaphragm; 29, the heart; 30. the 

 larynx; 31, the sub-maxillary gland ; 32, the incisor teeth; 33, nasal septum; 34, globe of the eye; 35, 

 36, cavity of the cranium.] 



