Class XXI. Order IX. 



tracts of land. Its bark is very thick, and rough with deep, ir- 

 regular clefts. The leaves are of moderate length, needle shap- 

 ed, and united three together in a common sheath. The cones 

 arc ovate or pyramidal, the scales rigid, each one armed with a 

 short, acute, reflexed spine. 



The wood abounds in turpentine, and contains a large por- 

 tion of alburnum or sap. It is occasionally employed in build- 

 ing, but is chiefly used as a light fuel, under the form of u split 

 pine." 



PINUS srnoBus. L. White Pine. 



Leaves in fives ; cones cylindrical, longer than 

 the leaves, loose. Ait. 



This noble and very useful tree rises with a straight trunk 

 to an uncommon height. Its bark is comparatively smooth, 

 and in young trees it is without fissures. The branches are 

 given off in whorls or circles. The leaves are much finer and 

 more delicate than in the last species. They grow in fascicles 

 of five together, with hardly any sheaths. The cones are very 

 long, cylindrical, curved, and pendulous ; composed of large, 

 smooth, loose scales. 



The trunk possesses very little resin, and its portion of sap 

 wood is comparatively small. The texture of the wood is fine 

 and soft. No tree is more extensively employed in building, 

 or for the ordinary purposes of carpenters' and joiners' work. 

 The large trees are particularly in request for the masts of 

 ships, and vast quantities of the wood have been annually ex- 

 ported from the eastern coast in the form of timber and boards. 



I'INUS NIGRA. Jiit. Black or double Spruce. 



Leaves solitary, four cornered, erect, straight; 

 cones ovate, scales elliptical, waved at the. edge, 

 erect. Lamb. 



tiyn. dBiES NIGRA. Mich. 



