DISCUSSION OF RESULTS. 



97 



found that in one experiment the heat-output per minute was 2.53 

 calories and in the other 3.13 calories per minute, or an average heat- 

 output of 2.83 calories per minute as compared with 1.25 calories per 

 minute, the average of the basal values obtained with the subject 

 standing relaxed. It will therefore be seen that when the arms were 

 swung violently, the metabolism was increased 126 per cent. 



It is accordingly important for us to eliminate, if possible, the influ- 

 ence of this extraneous arm motion. To this end we have computed in 

 table 19 the heat-output per unit of work during rapid walking, using 



TABLE 19. Increase in heat-output during fast walking in experiments with subject II. 



[Basal value, standing swinging arms. 1 ] 



'The subject stood without food swinging his arms violently as in the most rapid walking. 

 (See table 10, p. 71.) In computing the results for walking without food, the average value 

 (2.83 cals.) is used; for walking with food the increment (2.83 1.25=1.58 cals.) due to swinging 

 the arms is added to the value obtained for "standing, relaxed" with the respective diets. 



2.83 calories as the base-line, i. e., the average value found with the 

 subject standing and swinging his arms violently. Under these condi- 

 tions we find a marked depression in the heat-output per unit of work as 

 compared with that computed with a base-line obtained with the sub- 

 ject standing in a relaxed position. In the experiments without food, 

 this averaged with the high speeds, 0.932 gram-calorie, 1 but with the 

 new basal value, it averages 0.780 gram-calorie. This value compares 

 favorably with the value of 0.806 gram-calorie 1 found in the 15 periods 

 with the subject running, being some 3 per cent less. 



'See table 15, p. 87. 



