PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS. 41 



menters, Roily found that the oxygen consumption was increased by 

 the ingestion of 200 grams of flesh or with protein in other forms. 



A far better presentation of this material is given in the dissertation 

 of Undeutsch, 1 who concludes that the vegetable protein preparations 

 cause a greater increase in the total metabolism than the animal protein 

 does. The maximum increase in the metabolism was reached in 1 to 

 2 hours after the ingestion of the protein. The effect of the protein 

 disappeared at the end of 6 hours. 



Amur, 1912. Employing a Chauveau apparatus with Tissot spirom- 

 eters, Amar 2 studied the influence of both carbohydrate and protein 

 diets upon metabolism. Two subjects were used. The carbohydrate 

 meal consisted of rice, potato, and bananas, and corresponded to 95.5 

 grams of carbohydrate. The protein meal consisted of lean meat and 

 eggs; bread and cheese were also added for one of the subjects. The 

 diets corresponded to 80 and 100 grams of protein respectively. In the 

 carbohydrate experiments the oxygen consumption after a meal 

 increased at first, reaching the maximum in 1 hour, then fell off hour 

 by hour. The respiratory quotient increased hour by hour, although 

 it never reached unity. After protein the oxygen consumption immedi- 

 ately increased, this increase reaching its maximum in 2 hours. The 

 carbohydrates caused an average increase in the oxygen consumption 

 of 6 per cent and the protein an average increase of 11 per cent for a 

 period of 3 hours. 



Hari and von Pesthy, 1912. A series of experiments carried out by 

 Hari and von Pesthy, 3 with the usual skill of the Budapest laboratories, 

 was made on three subjects with the Zuntz-Geppert apparatus. The 

 primary object was to study the influence of the temperature of the food 

 on the gas exchange. Nuchtern experiments were made first every 

 morning, which were followed by observations after the ingestion of 

 milk. One liter of milk was taken inside of 3 to 4 minutes in one series 

 of 12 experiments at a temperature of 3 to 4 C., and in a second series 

 of 10 experiments at a temperature of 50 to 55 C. The conclu- 

 sions of the authors bearing on this discussion are that both cold and 

 warm milk increase the oxygen consumption about 13 to 15 per cent 

 for 3 hours after the ingestion of milk. With warm milk this increase 

 ceases shortly after 3 hours, but persists several hours more or less 

 unchanged with cold milk. The authors conclude that the longer 

 effect in the latter case may be due to a slower digestion of cold milk. 



Loeffler, 1912. Loeffler, 4 working under the direction of Gigon in 

 the Poliklinik in Basel, made a study of basal metabolism and likewise 



'Undeutsch, Experimentelle Gaswechseluntersuchungen bei Morbus basedowii: Grundumsai 

 und Umsatz nach Aufnahme von animalischem und vegetabilischem Eiweiss. Inaug.-DiBS., 

 Leipsic, 1913. 



5 Amar, Journ. de Physiol. et de Path, gen., 1912, 14, p. 298. 



3 Hari and von Pesthy, Biochem. Zeitschr., 1912, 44, p. 6. 



'Loeffler, Arch. f. d. ges. Physiol.. 1912, 147, p. 197. 



