142 FOOD INGESTION AND ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS. 



studied who were given from 200 to 500 grams of water, the tempera- 

 ture of the water in all but one case being somewhat over 50 C. (See 

 tables 74 to 79.) The increments in the heat production are sum- 

 marized in tables 67 and 68. (See pages 135 and 136.) 



The method used for computing the increment in the water experi- 

 ments with the respiration apparatus was that employed in the experi- 

 ments with chewing. (See page 127.) The basal value for the day was 

 obtained in a series of 15-minute observations when the subject was 

 without food or water. The second series began 5 to 34 minutes after 

 the subject had taken water; the intervals between the periods were 

 from 14 to 29 minutes. The average heat production for the basal 

 periods and the heat output for each of the periods with water are given 

 in tables 74 to 79. The increment in the metabolism was obtained 

 by comparing the average value for the basal periods with the heat 

 production for each period after the ingestion of water. It is seen by an 

 inspection of the tabulated data for this group of experiments that these 

 small and in some cases negative increments in the heat production 

 represent the results of two to four periods of measurement. The 

 sum total of time for these measurements, which are obviously not 

 continuous, is 30 to 60 minutes, extending over periods of 50 minutes 

 to 2 hours and 43 minutes following the drinking of water. In calcu- 

 lating the total increments it was assumed that the rate of increase for 

 the time between the drinking of the water and the end of the last 

 period was the same as that observed in the measured periods. 



For example, in the experiment with J. J. C., February 7, 1911 

 (seepage 146), the basal value for the heat production is 1.10 calories 

 per minute and the values for the respective periods after the water 

 was taken are 1.10, 1.14, and 1.11 calories per minute. It is thus seen 

 that the average increase per period and per minute is equivalent to 

 0.02 calorie. The time between the drinking of the water and the end 

 of the last period (Il h 05 m a. m. to 12 h 31 m p. m.) was 86 minutes. The 

 total increment computed as heat (86 X 0.02) was thus 2 calories. 

 The basal value for a corresponding length of time (86 X 1.10) was 

 95 calories; the percentage increase in metabolism (2-7-95) was, there- 

 fore, 2 per cent. 



Statistical data not included in the tables or in the discussion are 

 given in the following paragraphs for all of the experiments. The 

 times given include both basal and water-drinking periods, when the 

 basal values were determined immediately before the water-drinking. 



CALORIMETER EXPERIMENTS. 



A. H. M., 9 h 28 m a. m. to 5 h 28 m p. m., March 16, 1907. 66.3 kilograms.- 

 Urinated shortly before 7 o'clock (after enema); attempted to urinate near 

 beginning of each period, urinating at 9 h 35 m a. m., 12 h 46 m , 2 h 32 m , 3 h 34 m , and 

 5 h 28 m p. m.; unable to urinate at end of either first or second period; some 

 pressure from urine; some sensation of fullness from water-drinking. Drank 

 water in each period. Stooped over in third period to pick up rubber stop- 



