178 FOOD INGESTION AND ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS. 



water at HM5 m a. m. (112 grams). Basal periods: pulse rate, 59; respiration 

 rate, 12. Food periods: pulse rate, 62; respiration rate, 13. 



//. B. W., 9 b 14 m a. m. to 5 h 14 m p. m., April 9, 1907. 62.6 kilograms. 

 Defecated before coming to laboratory; urinated at 8 h 20 m a. m. Very quiet 

 nearly all of experimental period, most movement being in second and third 

 periods. Head ached last period, probably due to reading steadily. Body- 

 temperature: 36.80, 36.79, 36.85, 36.93, 36.97 C. Pulse rate, 59; respira- 

 tion rate, 18. 



A. H. M., 9 h 23 m a. m. to 5 h %3 m p. m., April 10, 1907. 66.6 kilograms. 

 Urinated 7 h 30 m , Il h 32 m a. m., 3 h 30 m p. m.; attempted to urinate at I h 30 m 

 p. m. Somewhat restless throughout experiment but did not rise from chair; 

 reading much of time; seldom motionless for more than half minute at a 

 time; difficult to get records of respiration and pulse rates; in last period 

 more quiet; slight headache in afternoon. Body-temperature: 36.76, 36.70, 

 36.84, 36.80, 36.78 C. Pulse rate, 63; respiration rate, 19. 



A. L. L., 8 h 30 m a. m. to 4 h 30 m p. m., May 27, 1907. 74.7 kilograms. 

 Urinated 7 h 05 m a m. ; very quiet during experiment; fell asleep in second period 

 and had to be awakened; also slept for short time in last period. Body-tem- 

 perature: 36.62, 36.28, 36.22, 36.12, 36.20 C. Pulse rate, 61; respiration 

 rate, 18. 



DISCUSSION OF CALORIMETER EXPERIMENTS. 

 SUCROSE. 



Four experiments were made with sucrose, one each with A. H. M. 

 and A. W. W. with the respiration calorimeter in Middletown, and two 

 with F. M. M. with the chair calorimeter in Boston. 



A. H. M., April 1, 1907. This experiment was the first in this re- 

 search in which a pure carbohydrate was ingested. The amount taken 

 was 191 grams, with a total energy value of 756 calories. An inspec- 

 tion of table 101 shows a considerable increase in the carbon-dioxide 

 production after food which persisted during the first three periods but 

 does not appear in the last period. The oxygen consumption shows a 

 marked increase in the first period, with a return to the basal value 

 immediately thereafter. High respiratory quotients, which usually 

 follow the ingestion of sugar, were found in the first two periods with a 

 quotient approximating basal in the last period. The striking abnor- 

 mality in the values for this experiment is the fact that the oxygen 

 increment appears only in the first period, while the increase in the 

 heat production continues throughout all four periods. An explana- 

 tion of this on any other ground than that of unrecognized faulty 

 technique is at present very difficult. 



As there were certain discrepancies in the measurements of the rectal 

 temperature which led us to consider the records doubtful, it seemed 

 desirable to compare the direct measurements of the heat output with 

 the values calculated from the gaseous metabolism. For this particu- 

 lar experiment, therefore, the values obtained by indirect calorimetry 

 are also recorded, although it should again be emphasized that the 

 values for the indirect heat are not given for the specific purpose 



