INGESTION OF CARBOHYDRATES. 



231 



cent. It is thus clear that the maximum effect was markedly different 

 with sucrose from that for any one of the other sugars studied. So far 

 as the time relations are concerned, it appears that not only was the 

 increment very much greater with sucrose, but that the maximum effect 

 also appeared earlier than it did with any of the other sugars. It is 

 possible that the early occurrence of the maximum effect with sucrose 

 may be due to the cleavage which probably occurs immediately after 

 absorption. 



TABLE 173. Average maximum effect of carbohydrate ingestion in respiration experiments. 



Period from the time when subject finished eating to the end of the last observation, except in 

 cases when the increment of heat ended earlier. See tables 126 to 168 for complete observations. 



In all of the experiments either 75 or 100 grams of the sugar were 

 used. With dextrose and levulose the amount of sugar made but 

 little difference in the maximum effect, but there was considerable 

 variation with sucrose. With the smaller amount of sucrose there was 

 a decrease in the maximum effect, which amounted to one- third to one- 

 half of the increment noted in the 100-gram experiments. A simple 

 explanation of this phenomenon is not found. Although the 100-gram 

 experiments with sucrose were on the average somewhat shorter than 

 those with either dextrose or levulose, it is clear that this lowering of 

 maximum increment can not be due to variations in the length of period, 

 for the maximum, which alone is under consideration here, always 

 occurs early in the experiment. It is furthermore clear that the sugar 

 tolerance is by no means exceeded, as 100 grams is not a large amount. 



One contaminating feature is the fact that in nearly every case the 

 experiments with the two amounts were not made with the same indi- 

 viduals or with the same groups of individuals. All of the 75-gram 

 experiments with the three sugars were made with either J. J. C. or 

 V. G., and the only 100-gram experiment with these two subjects was 

 that with J. J. C. on March 7, 1911, when dextrose was given. Still it 

 is hardly probable that the fact that the same group of individuals was 

 not used accounts wholly for this difference in effect. It is at least 



