BIBLIOGRAPHY. 



BUHR, C. W., and D. J. MCCARTHY, 1900. Acute inter- 

 nal hydrocephalus. A clinical and pathological 

 study. Jour. Exp. Med., vol. 5, p. 195. 



GUSHING, H., 1908. Surgery of Head. In Keen's Sur- 

 gery, vol. 3, p. 17-206. 



DANDY, W. E., and K. D. BLACKFAN, 1913. An experi- 

 mental and clinical study of internal hydrocepha- 

 lus. Jour. Am. Med. Assoc., vol. 61, p. 2,216. 

 , 1914. Internal hydrocephalus: an experimental, 

 clinical and pathological study. Am. Jour. 

 Diseases of Children, vol. 8, p. 406. 

 , 1917. Internal hydrocephalus second paper. 

 Amer. Jour. Diseases of Children, vol. 14, p. 424. 



FAIVRE, J. J. A. E., 1853. Des granulationes mdningiennes. 

 These de Paris. 



FLEXNER, S., 1907. Experimental cerebro-spinal men- 

 ingitis in monkeys. Jour. Exp. Med., vol. 9, 

 p. 142. 



KEY, G. and A., RETZIDS, 1876. Anatomic des Ner- 

 vensystems und des Bindesgewebe. Stockholm. 



LUSCHKA, H., 1855. Die Adergeflechte des menschlichen 

 Gehirns. Berlin. 



MOTT, F. W., 1910. The Oliver-Sharpey lectures on the 

 cerebro-spinal fluid. Lancet, Part 2, p. 1 and 

 p. 79. 



THOMAS, W. S., 1914. Experimental hydrocephalus. 



Jour. Exper. Med., vol. 19, p. 106. 



WEED, L. H., 1914a. Studies on cerebro-spinal fluid, 

 No. H. The theories of drainage of cerebro- 

 spinal fluid with an analysis of the methods of 

 investigation. Jour. Med. Research, vol. 31 

 (n. s. 26), p. 21. 



, 19146. Studies on cerebro-spinal fluid, No. in. 

 The pathways of escape from the subarachnoid 

 spaces with particular reference to the arachnoid 

 villi. Jour. Med. Research, vol. 31 (n. s. 26), 

 p. 51. 



, 1914c. Studies on cerebro-spinal fluid, No. iv. 

 The dual source of cerebro-spinal fluid. Jour. 

 Med. Research, vol. 31 (n. s. 26), p. 93. 



, 1916a. The establishment of the circulation of 

 the cerebro-spinal fluid. Anat. Rec., vol. 10, 

 p. 256. 



, 19166. The formation of the cranial subarach- 

 noid spaces. Anat. Rec., vol. 10, p. 475. 



, 1917. The development of the cerebro-spinal 

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 Pub. No. 225. 



FIG. 1. 



FIG. 2. 

 FIG. 3. 



FIG. 4. 

 FIG. 5. 



FIG. 6. 

 FIG. 7. 



EXPLANATION OF FIGURES. 



Photograph of two transverse sections of adult cat's brain (No. 90). The animal was given a subarachnoid 

 injection of 5.0 c.c. of a 10 per cent suspension of lampblack in Ringer's solution and immediately afterwards 

 exhibited signs of cortical excitation. Within 2 hours it became lethargic and could not be roused. It 

 remained in this condition for 4 days and died on the morning of the fifth day. Considerable dilatation of 

 lateral ventricles is shown. 



Photograph of two transverse sections of adult cat's brain (No. 103). By occipito-atlantoid puncture, the 

 animal was given a subarachnoid injection of 5.0 c.c. of a 10 per cent suspension of cinnabar in Ringer's 

 solution. Animal remained normal and active, without sign of increase in intracranial pressure, for S days; 

 it then developed distemper and died on the tenth day. No abnormalities in lateral ventricles are shown. 



Photograph of two transverse sections of adult cat's brain (No. 99). Animal was given subarachnoid injec- 

 tion of 5.0 c.c. of a 5 per cent suspension of lampblack in Ringer's solution. Ten hours after animal went 

 through stage of excitement, then became lethargic and slow; showed signs of a subacute increase in intra- 

 cranial pressure and died on the sixteenth day. Full protocol in text. Slight enlargement of lateral ven- 

 tricles is shown. 



Photograph of a typical transverse section of the brain of an adult cat (No. 100). In this animal 5.0 c.c. of 

 a 5 per cent suspension of lycopodium in Ringer's solution was injected into the subarachnoid space. 

 Animal showed no signs of any increase in intracranial tension; it was normal and active. At end of 6 months 

 it was sacrificed. The lateral ventricles appear as normally. 



Photograph, during life, of a kitten receiving two intraventricular injections of 1.0 c.c. of a 5 per cent suspen- 

 sion of lampblack, 11 days apart. Following the first injection some ventricular dilation occurred, but after 

 the second the process of enlargement was rapid. Photograph was taken on thirty-fourth day. Animal 

 was sacrificed on the forty-sixth day after the first injection. 



Photograph, taken immediately after death, of a kitten which when 9 days old was given intraventricular 

 injection of 1.0 c.c. of a 10 per cent suspension of lampblack in normal salt solution. Animal lived for 14 days 

 and was then sacrificed. 



Photograph, taken immediately after death, of a kitten (Litter Ez) which at age of 7 days received intraven- 

 tricular injection of 1.0 c.c. of a 5 per cent suspension of lampblack in normal saline. After 15 days, received 

 similar injection of 1.0 c.c. of a 10 per cent suspension; at this time it was noted that the fontanelles were 

 opening. Subsequently the head enlarged rapidly and animal was sacrificed on the thirty-seventh day. 

 Compare figure 6. 



Photograph, taken immediately after death, of a kitten (Litter Ez) which when 1, 7, and 22 days old received 

 subarachnoid injections of 1.0 c.c. of 5 per cent suspension of cinnabar each. No abnormality in devel- 

 opment or actions noted. Sacrificed on thirty-seventh day. 



445 



