DURING POST-NATAL DEVELOPMENT. 507 



ing to the general tables of Quetelet, in girls during adolescence and in women it 

 is less than in males by about 0.5 per cent of the stature. The relative height of 

 head which Quetelet gives for selected female models is, however, equal to that of 

 males of the same stature. 



The difference between the level of the top of the larynx and that of the external 

 acoustic meatus may be used as a measure of the facial portion of the head. Rela- 

 tive to stature, this distance is slightly increased at the time of the transition from 

 infancy to childhood and thereafter slowly decreases until adolescence. According 

 to Godin's data there is a very slight relative increase in the distance external 

 acoustic meatus to chin between adolescence and maturity. 



Height of acromion. This curve follows closely the data of Weissenberg (see 

 table D). Quetelet (1870) gives data on the distance from the vertex to clavicles. 

 This distance is from 1 to 2 per cent of the stature shorter than that from the vertex 

 to the sternal notch. Landsberger's data (1888) correspond closely with my curve. 

 Godin (1910) finds the level of the acromion about 1 per cent of the stature lower 

 than that shown by my curve during adolescence but at about the same level in the 

 adult. He gives the level of the sternal notch during adolescence at about the height 

 of my curve for the acromion. The acromion in youths of European descent ap- 

 pears to be generally about 1 per cent of the stature lower than the sternal notch 

 during adolescence, but less than this in the adult. Martin (1914) gives the distance 

 between the two levels as about 8 to 10 mm. in Europeans. In my curve I have 

 represented the curve of the level of the acromion at a distance of 18.5 per cent of 

 the stature from the vertex at a height of 67 inches and above. This corresponds 

 with the relatively few observations I have made on young adults. Hitchcock's 

 data on college students (table L) show the distance from vertex to sternum to be 

 greater in short than in tall individuals. The difference is slight, however, compared 

 with the difference in the relative height of the head. Tall individuals usually have 

 long necks. I have found in the data studied no definite sexual differences. Ac- 

 cording to Weissenberg's data the relative distance vertex to acromion is only 24.4 

 per cent of the stature in the new-born. Quetelet (1870) gives the distance vertex 

 to clavicle as 28 per cent. The intermediate value of 26 per cent has been chosen 

 here. Weissenberg's data show a slight decrease in old age in the distance vertex 

 to acromion. 



Godin takes the distance external acoustic meatus to sternal notch as neck- 

 length and states that this distance remains practically constant at one-tenth of the 

 stature from 13.5 to 17.5 years of age. From 17.5 to 23.5 years of age he finds a 

 gain of 0.3 per cent of the stature. 



Sitting-height. This distance represents very nearly the difference between the 

 stature and the free part of the lower extremities, the distance from the sole to the 

 crotch. For the sake of simplicity I have assumed that stature kss sitting-height 

 represents the latter distance and the corresponding curve is based on data obtained 

 in this way. Direct measurement of the distance sole to crotch is difficult and some- 

 what uncertain owing to the nature of the soft parts in the latter region. In infants, 

 however, sitting-height has to be measured indirectly by subtracting distance sole 

 to crotch from length. In adults, according to Bertillon (1889), the distance sole 



