516 HEIGHT AND WEIGHT IN RELATION TO BUILD 



few published data on the subject. Hall (1896) shows a decline in this relative 

 measurement from 10.5 per cent of the stature at 9 years of age to 10.1 per cent at 

 16 years of age and a subsequent increase to 11.4 per cent at 23 years of age. 



Bi-crestal breadth. This measurement, labeled "width of hips" in chart J, 

 represents the widest distance between the iliac crests plus the overlying tissues. 

 Weissenberg (table D) has furnished data on this measurement from birth to 

 maturity. The relative width he gives for infants (15.4 per cent) appears to be 

 small and is smaller than that illustrated by Godin (1910). The relative width of 

 the hips may, however, increase slightly from infancy to early childhood. It then 

 declines to the period preceding puberty and subsequently increases so as to reach 

 or nearly reach the proportions of early childhood. The data of Godin (1910) 

 correspond well with those of Weissenberg, which my curve follows. The bi-crestal 

 width is relatively greater in females than in males after early childhood. 



The distance between the anterior superior iliac spines was 85 per cent of the 

 bi-crestal width in the boys 13.5 years of age studied by Godin (1903); 88 per cent 

 at 16.5, 87 per cent at 17.5. In infancy and early childhood the differences in the two 

 widths appear to be less. Quetelet (table E) gives data on the bi-ilio-spinal index 

 from birth to maturity. Godin (1903) and Landsberger (1888) also furnish data. 



Bi-trochanteric breadth. This width is not plotted in chart J, but data are 

 given in table K. Godin's data show this width to be about 14 per cent greater than 

 the bi-crestal width at age 13.5 and 16 per cent greater at age 17.5. Quetelet (table 

 E) gives data on the bi-trochanteric width from infancy to maturity. The widths 

 tabulated are relatively considerably greater than those of Hall (1896) for boys of 

 ages 9 to 23 and are slightly greater than those of Godin (1910). The data given 

 in table K are based on relatively few measurements, but fit in well with Hall's 

 data and with the American college data. In the latter part of childhood and 

 subsequently girls have a greater bi-trochanteric width than boys. For variations 

 in young adults based on stature and maturity the reader may consult table L. 



GIRTHS. 



Some of the chief girths are plotted in chart J and tabulated in table K. 



Girth of head. The curves in chart J are based primarily on data from Schmid- 

 Monnard (table A) for infancy and on data from Hastings (table F) for the period 

 from 5 to 20 years of age. Use has also been made of data from Quetelet (table E), 

 Landsberger (1888), MacDonald (1898), Daffner (1902), Hall (1896), Ernst (1906), 

 Schwerz (1910), and other investigators. The largest relative head-girth reported 

 as normal for infants is that by Orschansky, 70.9 per cent of the stature for females. 

 Quetelet gives comparatively low figures, 67.0 per cent for males. Schmid-Monnard 

 gives 68.8 per cent for males, 67.1 per cent for females. For the period of childhood 

 and adolescence the data given by the various authors mentioned are remarkably 

 similar if one takes into consideration the diversity of material. We can not here 

 enter into a discussion of the divergences in the reported data. The girth of head 

 steadily declines with growth in stature. The girth of the female head is slightly 

 smaller than that of the male head, although at the time of puberty in girls boys 



