34 FATE OF PRIMARY LYMPH-SACS IN ABDOMINAL REGION OF PIG, ETC. 



The retroperitoneal sac is transformed into the glands of the coeliac axis and, 

 at the origin of the superior mesenteric artery, into the main mesenteric glands and 

 also into the preaortics, the prevenous, and part of the juxta-aortic glands. The 

 iliac sacs become the retrovenous, prevertebral, and the remainder of the juxtaaortic 

 glands. The glands constituting the large group opposite the bifurcation of the aorta, 

 as well as the proximal iliac glands, are formed from the caudal ends of the sacs. 



DRAINAGE OF THE VISCERA. 



It has been shown that in the earlier stages the stomach has three main systems 

 of drainage: (1) the trunk of the lesser gastric curvature, (2) the gastrolineal trunk, 

 and (3) the right gastric branch. This system is likewise indicated by the lymph- 

 glands, the three main channels of drainage being indicated by arrows in figure 5. 



1. In a pig of 20 cm., when the injection is made about the periesophageal 

 region, the vessels shown on the anterior side of the fundus and about the cardiac 

 orifice drain around the neck and then posteriorly to several large nodes situated 

 slightly posterior and to the left of the orifice on the pillar of the diaphragm (fig. 5, 

 Lymgl. fundi.). Other lymphatic vessels, more from the middle portion of the 

 stomach, drain to a gland on the right of the cardiac orifice (Lymgl. c. v. min.). 



2. Lymph from the inferior part of the fundus drains along the posterior margin 

 of the splenic ligament, following the lesser gastric vessels of the lienal artery, where 

 it empties into several glands lying in the splenic ligament. From these nodes it 

 drains posteriorly into several large glands near the left periesophageal glands (fig. 

 5, Lymgl. fundi). Part of the lymph from the greater curvature drains with that 

 from the gastro-epiploic vessels to the middle region of the spleen, where it enters 

 several glands. Connection is demonstrated between these glands and nodes situ- 

 ated along the splenic vessel. Not only these glands, but also the periesophageals, 

 follow the splenic artery to the cceliac axis (fig. 5, Lymgl. ccel.). From the superior 

 and inferior medial regions of the stomach, vessels run toward the lesser curvature, 

 along with the branches of the left gastric artery, to drain with a number of smaller 

 nodes which are located to the left of the esophageal ring (fig. 5, Lymgl. c. v. min.) 

 and drain, along with the right periesophageals, to the glands about the cceliac axis. 



3. Lymphatics injected on the superior surface of the stomach near the pylorus 

 drain in the direction of the lesser curvature, but run in the lesser omentum, 

 turning with the vessels and emptying into very large glands situated along the 

 hepatic artery (fig. 5, Lymgl. hep.). These hepatic glands also have as afferents the 

 vessels of the greater curvature ; that is, the lymphatics of the greater curvature pass 

 toward the pylorus accompanying the right gastro-epiploic artery (fig. 5, Lymgl. 

 gastroepip.), following that vessel from its junction with the gastro-duodenal to 

 the hepatic artery, where they drain into these large nodes. Thus, about the 

 cceliac axis are a number of glands that in the earlier stages were in the form of 

 trunks from the anterior end of the retroperitoneal sac, and they, too, show three 

 main systems of drainage a left, a mesial, and a right. 



In the lesser omentum are small lymph-glands draining part of the liver. The 

 drainage from these nodes is seen to accompany the vessels from the pylorus which 



