D. Echinodermata. 



the supradorsal membrane. Paxillae probably devoid of investing membrane. 

 Papnlae simple globular sessile sacs , comparatively large. Special dorso- lateral 

 plates at the extremity of the rays. Ossicles of the dorsal surface cruciform, 

 greatly attenuated; the whole calcareous framework being reduced to a minimum. 

 Ambulacral spinelets one or two, long, needle-shaped, independent, not united 

 by membrane. Aperture -papillae more or less modified. (?) Segmeutal apertures 

 aborted. Mouth-plates of the Hymenaster-type. Two pairs of secondary mouth- 

 spines, robust, clavate, thorny, probably without saccular membrane. Mouth- 

 spines proper 2 or 3 , the innermost resembling the anterior pair of secondaries, 

 only rather smaller, the others pointed. Actino - lateral spines merged in the ac- 

 tinal floor. Sladen ( 75 ); hierher penicillatus n. und Wyville-Thonisoni n. 



Calyptraster n. g. Form depressed, marginal contour pentagonal, dorsal area plane, 

 actinal area convex. Supradorsal membrane very delicate, perfectly transparent. 

 No muscular fibrous bands. Spiracula present. No spicules. Paxillae with short 

 robust spinelets (5 or 6 in the type species) , usually flaring at the extremity, 

 crown widely expanded, not protruding through, or even elevating the membrane, 

 simply supporting it. Ambulacral spines forming transverse combs ; spinelets per- 

 pendicular in position, webbed together. Segmental apertures present. Aperture- 

 papillae not free, opening laterally only. Mouth -plates with two or three pairs 

 of superficial secondary spines. Mouth-spines proper 2, or occasionally 3. Acti- 

 no- lateral spines merged in the actinal floor. No independent lateral fringe. 

 Sladen ( 75 ); hierher coa u. 



Marsipaster n. g. Form depressed, marginal contour pentagonoid, dorsal area 

 flatly convex, actinal area plane. Supradorsal membrane an irregularly develo- 

 ped, somewhat spongiform tissue. No muscular fibrous bands. No spicules. 

 Paxillae with moderately expanded crowns composed of a great number of fine, 

 long, hair-like spinelets (1530), their extremities protruding freely through the 

 membrane. Paxillae invested with a well-developed membranous envelope. Am- 

 bulacral spines webbed together , forming transverse combs ; spinelets more or 

 less horizontal in position, overspanning the furrow. Mouth-plates with one se- 

 condary surface-spine , connected with the mouth - spine series by a continuation 

 of the web. Mouth-spines three on each plate, webbed together. Actinic-lateral 

 spines merged in the actinal floor; no independent marginal fringe. Sladen ( 75 );' 

 hierher hirsutus n. und spinosissimus u. 



Mimaster n. g. Vereinigt Merkmale von Solaster, Pentagonaster und Asterina und 

 scheint mit Radiaster Perrier verwandt, aber nicht identisch zu sein. Sladen ( 74 ) ; 

 Tizardi n. sp. 1 Ex. 555 Faden. 



3. Ophiuroidea. 



Apostolides ( 3 ) untersuchte in Roscoff Ophloglypha lacertosa, albida , Ophiocomu 

 nigra, Amphiura filiformis , squamata , Ophiopsila aranea, Ophiothrix rosula (= fra- 

 gilis aut.), versicolor n. sp. Die letzterwahnte Art wird vom Verf. von 0. rosula 

 abgetrennt, narnentlich wegen des constanten Fehlens der bei rosula vorhaudenen 

 Poli'schen Blasen. Verf. bespricht darauf einige Lebensgewohnheiten und die 

 Fundorte der genannten Arteu. Dann folgt ein kurzer, nichts Neues enthalten- 

 der Abschnitt tiber die Haut und das Skelet. Verf. ist der Ansicht , daC die 

 Mundeckstiicke Bilduugen sui generis, nicht aber umgewandelte Wirbel sind. An 

 dem Verdauungscanal werden unterschieden : Mund, Speiserohre und Darm. 

 Die Speiserohre ist sehr kurz und von ahnlichem histologischen Baue wie der 

 Darm. Verf. unterscheidet von innen uach auBen : 1) ein inneres wimperndes 

 Cylinderepithel ; 2) eine brauue Schicht, die aus Langsfasern besteht und wahr- 



