CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER I. 



PAGE 



THE VISCOSITIES OF SOLUTIONS OF C.ESIUM 

 SALTS IN MIXED SOLVENTS; THE VISCOS- 

 ITIES OF BINARY MIXTURES OF THE 

 ASSOCIATED LIQUIDS, WATER, FORMIC 

 ACID AND ACETIC Aero, TOGETHER WITH 

 SOME NEW FORMS OF APPARATUS. 



Introduction 3 



Historical 3 



Apparatus and Procedure 6 



Discussion of Results 8 



The Viscosities of Binary Mixtures of the 

 Associated Liquids, Water, P\>rmic 



Acid and Acetic Acid 10 



Some new Forms of Apparatus: 



I, a Substitute for the Twin-Bulb Trap in 

 Toluol-Mercury Thermo-regulators . ... 13 



II, a new Form of Pyknometer for Liquids 14 



CHAPTER II. 



THE CONDUCTIVITY AND VISCOSITY OF SOLU- 

 TIONS OF CERTAIN SALTS IN FORMAMID 

 AS A SOLVENT. 



Previous Work in Formamid 17 



Formamid as a Solvent 18 



Purification of the Solvent 20 



Salts 23 



Solutions 23 



Conductivity Apparatus 24 



Viscosity Apparatus 24 



Thermostats 24 



Discussion of Results 24 



Comparison of the Various Solvents 24 



Sodium Bromide in Formamid 25 



Sodium Iodide in Formamid 25 



Sodium Chromate in Formamid 26 



Potassium Chloride in Formamid 26 



Potassium Iodide in Formamid 27 



Potassium Sulphocyanate in Formamid .... 27 



Ammonium Bromide in Formamid 28 



Ammonium Iodide in Formamid 28 



Tetramethylammonium Chloride in Forma- 

 mid 29 



Tetraethylammonium Iodide in Formamid. . 29 



Rubidium Chloride in Formamid 30 



Rubidium Bromide in Formamid 30 



Rubidium Iodide in Formamid 31 



Rubidium Nitrate in Formamid 31 



Caesium Chloride in Formamid . 32 



CHAPTER II Continued. 



PAGE 



Caesium Nitrate in Formamid 32 



Lithium Nitrate in Formamid 33 



Barium Chloride in Formamid 33 



Mercuric Chloride in Formamid 34 



Cobalt Bromide in Formamid 34 



Sodium Chromate 37 



Mercuric Chloride 38 



Cobalt Bromide 38 



Caesium Nitrate and Chloride 38 



Summary or Results 39 



CHAPTER III. 



RADIOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS OF THE IONI- 

 ZATION CONSTANTS OF INDICATORS I. 



Purpose of the Investigation 41 



Historical 42 



The Radiomicrometer 44 



The Spectroscope 48 



Source of Light 50 



The Cells 50 



Arrangement of Apparatus 51 



The Differential Method 52 



Theoretical Discussion 52 



Experimental Work on Methyl Orange 57 



Results with Methyl Orange 59 



Phenolphthalein 64 



Results with Phenolphthalein 66 



Summary 72 



CHAPTER IV. 



RADIOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS OF THE IONI- 

 ZATION CONSTANTS OF INDICATORS II. 



Theoretical Discussion 73 



Preliminary Work on Rosolic Acid 75 



Results with Rosolic Acid 79 



Rosolic Acid as a Dibasic Acid 80 



Summary 82 



CHAPTER V. 



THE ACTION OF SALTS WITH WATER OP 

 HYDRATION AND WITHOUT WATER OF 

 HYDRATION ON THE VELOCITIES OF 

 SAPONIFICATION OF ESTERS. 



Reaction Chosen 85 



Historical 6 



Hydrolysis gg 



