6. Graptolitlia. 7. Anthozoa (iucl. Hydrocorallia). A. Zoantharia. 9 



6. Graptolitha. 



Hierher Newton. 



7. Anthozoa (incl. Hydrocorallia). 

 On the occurrence of iodine in the skeleton s. Mendel. 



A. Zoantharia. 



Nach Mesnil. der an Aiiemonia sulcata, Adamsia Rondektii, Actinia cquina etc. 

 arbeitete, kornmt hier absolut keine extracellulare Verdauung vor [gegen 

 Chapeaux, s. Bericht f. 1893 Coel. p 4]. An der intracellularen sind fast aus- 

 schliefilich die Mesenterialfilaniente betheiligt; ihre Zellen nehmen feste oder 

 fliissige Substanzen auf. Speciell nach der Verdauung des Blutes von hoheren 

 Wirbelthieren enthalten die Zellen der Schleim- und Cnidocilregion, nach langerer 

 Einfiihrung sogar die des Osophagus und der Tentakel einen sehr persistenten 

 griinen Farbstoff (Biliverdin?). In den verdauenden Zellen reagirt der Inhalt 

 der Vacuolen, die sich um die Nithrstoffe bilden, stets schwach sauer auf 

 Lackmus. Verf. erortert ferner sehr ausfiihrlich die Eigenschaften der 



Actinodiastase, die sich aus den Mesenterialfilamenten gewinnen lasst und 

 auch fast nur dort vorkonirnt. [Mayer.] 



Carlgrenf 1 ) describes the principal features of Pentactinia n. californica n., 

 a member of the Halcampornorphidae. The body is almost cylindrical. The 

 scapus bears papilhe to which foreign bodies become attached. There is no 

 sphincter muscle. The tentacles are about 20 in number, short and not glo- 

 bular at the tip. There is only one siphonoglyph which is ventral. Only 5 

 pairs of mesenteries are fully developed and fertile (2 pairs are directives). On 

 each side of the dorsal directives, in one pair of mesenteries the muscle ridges 

 face towards each other, and at each side of the ventral directives, also in 

 one mesentery the muscle ridges face towards the neighbouring muscle ridge 

 of the directives. The longitudinal muscles of these 10 mesenteries are very 

 well developed, the muscle ridge being thrown into over 30 folds. The parie- 

 tal muscles are also well developed. The filaments possess large Flimmer- 

 streifen and the part usually formed only from eudoderm cells between the 

 Nessel-, Drtisen- and the Flimmer-Streifen is well defined. Only the 10 

 mesenteries extend along the whole length of the animal, but in the most distal 

 part of the anemone beyond the middle of the stomodseum there are also 10 

 much thinner lamella; which bear neither filaments, muscle ridges nor gonads. 

 Two of these are stronger than the rest; these form the 6 th pair of primary 

 mesenteries and along with the 10 fully developed mesenteries correspond to 

 the first cycle of mesenteries of a typical Hexactinian. The remaining 8 (i. e. 

 4 pairs) feeble mesenteries are situated in the dorsolateral and lateral exocoels. 

 The dorso-lateral secondary mesenteries are slightly stronger than the lateral 

 ones and extend further down the body, probably the former arise earlier than 

 the latter. The author adduces the condition of the primary mesenteries in 

 support of his view [see Bericht f. 1894 Coel. p 12] that the 5 th pair of me- 

 senteries originally arose in the lateral Edwardsia chambers and the 6 th pair 

 in the ventro-lateral chambers. - - A study of Haddon's preparations of //. clt/-//- 

 santhellwm shows that both Haddon and Faurot have overlooked the mesogloeal 

 sphincter which is present though moderately small and is situated immediately 



