14 Coelenterata. 



der Ebbe gebildet wird. Dieser Riffkalk umschlieBt die Korallenstocke, da- 

 gegen entsteht der geschichtete Korallensandstein in der Nahe der Hoch- 

 wasserlinie aus groberen Trilmmern. Verf. bespricht dann die Riffe von San- 

 sibar, Pemba etc. genauer nach ihrer horizontaleu nnd verticalen Form. Echte 

 Atolle fehlen dort. [Mayer.] 



Vaughan( 1 ) states that very few of the Eocene and Lower Oligocene 

 corals of the North American continent are identical with corals from other 

 localities ; in only one instance could he identify an American with an Euro- 

 pean coral. There even seems to be no resemblance between species from 

 the North American continent and those from the West Indies. This does 

 not hold however for Upper Oligocene and later corals of the Florida and 

 West Indian fossil and recent faunas but usually there is considerable differ- 

 ence even in these. The genera of Eocene corals of North America are about 

 equally related to those found in the Mid-Atlantic and in the China-Philip- 

 pines regions. There is a great resemblance between the recent species of 

 Paracyathus, Balanophyllia, Sidarastr&a, etc., in the West Indian region and 

 the Eocene species of the same genera. The author gives an account of the 

 morphology of the Madreporarian skeleton and descriptions of Graphularia 1, 

 Flabelhwn 9 (6 n.) and 6 var. (4 n.), Aldrichia n. 1, Platytrochus 3, Discotrochus 

 1, Stephanotrochus 2 (1 n.), Turbinolia 5 (3 n.), Trochocyathus 10 (5 n.) and 

 1 n. var., Paracyathus 5 n., Caryophyllia 2 n., Steriphonotrochus n. 1, Parasmi- 

 lia 1 n., Astrohelia 2 n., Oculina 7 (5 n.), Amphihelia 1 n., Ccelohelia n. 1, Ma- 

 dracis 3 n., Stylophora 2 n., Astrangia 4 n., Cladocora 1, Dichocoenia 1 n., Favia 

 1 n., Haimesastr&a n. 2, Astroccenia 1 n., Platyccenia n. 1, Stephanoccenia 1 n., 

 Siderastr(sa 1 n., Stephanomorpha n. 1, Mesomorpha 1 n., Balanophyllia 9 (5 n.) 

 and 5 var. (3 n.j, Eupsammia 2 (1 n.), Rhectopsammia n. 1, Endopachys 4 (3 n.) 

 and 2 var. (1 n.), Dendrophyllia 2 n., Dendracis 1, Turbinaria 1 n., Porites 1. 



- See also Vaughan( 2 , 3 ). 



Gane, in describing some Neocene corals of the United States, states that 

 the corals living in the Oligocene and Pliocene periods flourished as shallow 

 water forms with preponderating reef-building tendencies. This Neocene fauna 

 shows more likeness to that living in the Caribbean Sea and Atlantic Ocean 

 than to the fauna, recent or fossil, of any other region. The corals described 

 are Desmophyllum 1, Paracyathus 1, Astrohelia 1, Antillia 1, Astrangia 2, 

 Co&nangia 2, Phyllangia 1, Cladocora 1, Manicina 1, Septastrcea 1. 



Oppenheim discusses Trochocyathus sinuosus, Brongniart and the allied Pat- 

 talophyllia 2 n., describes Cyclolites 1, Grumia n. 1, Heliastrtea 1 n., Gomber- 

 tangia n. 1, and Astrangia 1 n. from Venetian Tertiary rocks and also Ubaghsia 

 n. 1, and Canavaria n. 2, from Mesozoic rocks, ending with a discussion of 

 the relationship of the two lastnamed genera with the Alcyonaria and tabulate 

 corals. - - See also Felix f 1 - 3 ) and Hennig. 



B. Alcyouaria. 



Bujor describes the anatomy and histology of Veretillum cynomorium var. 

 stylifera found in the Gulf of Lyons at a depth of 30-50 metres. A colony 

 which in a fully expanded condition measured 47 cm in length is able to con- 

 tract to a length of only 5 or 6 cm. There is in each colony a large axial 

 canal subdivided into 4, the outer walls of which are provided with an abun- 

 dant network of canals establishing communication between axial canals and 

 the basal portions of the various coelentera. Beneath the thin transparent 

 ectoderm there is another network of canals connecting the ccelentera, and this 



