CEPHALOCEREUS. 



Photographs and an abundance of flowers and seed of this most interesting species 

 were obtained by Dr. Rose from Dr. L. Zehntner, who had two plants growing in his garden 

 at Joazeiro, Bahia. 



Figure 25 is from a photograph of one of the plants above mentioned; figure 28 shows 

 a spine-areole of its stem; figure 27 shows the flower. 



4. Cephalocereus fluminensis (Miquel). 



Cactus melocactus Vellozo, Fl. Flum. 205. 1825. Not Linnaeus, 1753. 

 Cereus fluminensis Miquel, Bull. Sci. Phys. Nat. Neerl. 1838: 48, 1838. 

 Pilocereus vellozoi Lemaire, Rev. Hort. 1862: 427. 1862. 

 Cephalocereus melocactus Schumann in Martius, Fl. Bras. 4 2 : 215. 1890. 

 Pilocereus melocactus Schumann, Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 3: 20. 1893. 

 Cereus melocactus Berger, Rep. Mo. Bot. Card. 16: 62. 1905.* 



Growing generally in clumps, clambering over rocky cliffs; branches erect, spreading or pendent, 

 i to 2 meters long; ribs 12 to 17, i to 1.5 cm. high, acute, separated by acute intervals; spines acicular, 

 yellow, the longest ones 3 cm. long; pseudocephalium 

 on one side of the branch, of a dense white felt, 2 to 

 3 cm. thick, intermixed with long yellow bristles, 4 to 

 7 cm. long; areoles close together, circular, with short 

 white wool but with no long hairs ; flowers 6 to 7 cm. 

 long; style long-exserted ; fruit bright red to purple, 

 obovoid, 3 cm. long, naked, almost hidden in the mass 

 of white wool of the pseudocephalium ; seeds black, i 

 mm. in diameter, tuberculate. 



Type locality: On island in harbor of Rio de 

 Janeiro, Brazil. 



Distribution: On rocky cliffs and islands along 

 Brazilian coast from Rio de Janeiro to Cabo Frio. 



This plant was first collected and figured by 



TT 11 i i i r^ i FIG. 26. Fruit of Cephalocereus fluminensis. Xo.7 



VelloZO about 1790 and named CactUS mcloCactHS, FIG. 27. Flower of Cephalocereus purpureus. X 0.7. 



a name which had already been used by Linnaeus FlG - 28. cluster of spines of same. XQ.?. 



^!/\- 

 * 



&r!ti$S*: : > 



FIG. 29. Cephalocereus fluminensis. 



for another plant. Although this species is very common on all the rocky knolls and out- 

 crops about the harbor of Rio de Janeiro, it has rarely been collected and no living or 

 herbarium material was in the Washington and New York collections until Dr. Rose col- 

 lected it in Brazil in 1915. 



*Schumann (Martius, Fl. Bras. 4-: 216. 1890) erroneously refers this binomial to Vellozo. 



