ABNORMAL FORMS OF NUTRITIVE PROCESS INFLAMMATION. 461 



As soon as this stage is reached, viz., dilated veins with retarded circula- 

 tion, a very abundant adhesion of colorless blood-corpuscles to the walls of 

 those veins is seen to take place sooner or later; however, if the injury has 

 not been too severe, the veins commence also to contract, in consequence of 

 which the blood current becomes quicker, and at the same time the number 

 of adherent colorless corpuscles diminishes, until finally the normal condi- 

 tion is re-established. Now, notwithstanding there have been temporarily 

 present the condition of dilated veins, slower blood-current, and marked ad- 

 hesion of colorless blood-corpuscles to the walls of the veins, as well as in- 

 creased pressure in the capillaries during the dilatation of the arteries, no 

 colored or colorless corpuscles will be seen to pass through the walls of the 

 vessels; on the other hand, by proceedings adapted to produce physical 

 changes in the relations of the walls of the vessels to the blood, an abun- 

 dant emigration of the white corpuscles can be produced almost at will. 

 Thus, Strieker and Prussak have both shown, that after the subcutaneous 

 injection of a small quantity of a ten per cent, solution of common salt, 

 under the skin of frogs and rabbits, a condition of the vessels is produced in 

 which the red corpuscles readily escape from the vessels ; the same occurs 

 when the .main vein of a limb is tied; and these observers regard the diape- 

 desis of the red corpuscles as the result of some " active condition" of the 

 capillary wall, a view that Cohnheim also .adopts, whilst Bastian attributes 

 it to an " active condition," that is to say, to amoeboid movements of the 

 red blood-corpuscles themselves. The emigration of the white corpuscles 

 may also be readily witnessed in the mesentery of a frog inflamed by mere 

 exposure to air; under such circumstances the white corpuscles accumulate, 

 apply themselves to the sides of the vessels, where they either remain sta- 

 tionary or slowly oscillate. In a little while small colorless projections are 

 seen on the outer surface of the vascular coat. These subsequently become 

 pyriform, and ultimately detach themselves from the vessels, appearing as 

 colorless contractile amoeboid corpuscles, with one or several nuclei ; the 

 whole process being accomplished in from one to two hours. 1 That the 

 presence of white corpuscles in large numbers in the tissues is not sufficient 

 to constitute suppuration is shown well in the remarkable experiments ot 

 Tarchauoff 2 upon the effects of woorara. On placing frogs under the influ- 

 ence of this poison, he found that the number of white corpuscles in the 

 blood underwent great diminution, whilst the proportion of the red increased. 3 

 The white corpuscles were found to be accumulated in the tissues and in the 

 lymphatic vessels and sacs, which last were distended with lymph. These 

 effects, which must be admitted to modify the statements of Goltz (see 155), 

 M. Tarchanoff attributes to augmentation of blood-pressure, owing to paraly- 

 sis of the vaso-motor nerves, leading to dilatation and freer current of blood 

 through the smaller arteries, and to repose of the muscles, and arrest of the 

 contractions of the lymphatic hearts; yet, notwithstanding the exodus of the 

 white corpuscles, no suppuration resulted, and on the animals recovering 

 from the effects of the woorara, the white corpuscles quickly disappeared 

 from the tissues, whilst the lymph-sacs returned to their normal condition. 4 



1 See Cornil and Ranvier, Manuel d'Histologie Pathologique. 



2 Tarchanoff, Archives de Physiologic, 1875, p. 33. See also Drozdoff, Journal de 

 la Med. Milit., 1872. 



3 The proportion of red to white in a cubic millimetre in a healthy frog was as 

 200,375 : 10,412; in a curarized frog it was 514,436 : 6759 in the same quantity. 



4 Tarchanoff's experiments are, as he himself points out, in accord with previous 

 observations of Paschutin, to the effect that woorara causes an augmentation of lymph 

 (Ludwig's Arbeiten, 1872, p. 197), of Genersich, that muscular movements favor the 

 flow of the lymph through the lymphatics, of Ranvier (Comptes Rendus, Dec. 20th, 



