100 METABOLISM DURING WALKING. 



walks in the laboratory, with good food and freedom in the afternoon, 

 of such benefit that it resulted not only in an increase in body-weight 

 but in a generally improved physical condition. 



The increase in the pulse-rate referred to, which was coincidental with 

 the higher level of the heat-output, is readily seen in figure 9, in which 

 the pulse-rate is plotted for 43 days. A comparison of the general 

 trends of the curves for pulse-rate and heat-output shows agreement, the 

 pulse tending to increase or decrease in correspondence with the heat. 

 This seems to confirm the statement of Benedict and Cathcart 1 that 

 for the same individual in normal health and in the post-absorptive 

 condition, an increased metabolism is accompanied by an increased 

 pulse-rate. There is, however, a marked exception to this agreement 

 on February 23, when the heat-output is higher than that of the 

 preceding days and the pulse-rate shows a slight fall. As was stated in 

 discussing the oxygen consumption of E. D. B. for this day, the severest 

 walking test for this subject was on the day preceding this lowered 

 pulse-rate. During this test his oxygen consumption rose to 3,132 c. c. 

 per minute and he was exhausted at the end of the walking periods. It 

 is not impossible that the effect upon the oxygen consumption was also 

 present on February 23, whereas the pulse-rate had reached a more 

 nearly normal basis. 



COMPARISON OF METABOLISM FOR LYING AND STANDING POSITIONS. 



Strictly speaking, in studying the effect of a factor showing such small 

 differences in the metabolism as is produced by the change in position 

 from standing to lying, both lying and standing experiments should be 

 made on the same day. Since this difference was a subsidiary problem, 

 and the time could not be spared for it in connection with the walking 

 tests, we must use average values for comparison. The metabolism 

 of these men in the standing position may be compared to their basal 

 metabolism recorded for the lying position in table 17, page 91. This 

 comparison has been made in table 22. The greatest increase in the 

 total heat-output due to the change in position is found with W. K. 

 (21 per cent) and the smallest increase with H. R. R. (4 per cent). The 

 average for all the subjects is 12 per cent. The low increase for H. R. R. 

 can hardly be attributed to his basal results, for they represent an 

 average of 32 experimental periods and a heat-output per kilogram 

 of body- weight per 24 hours of 26.6 calories, which is of the same order 

 as that given for the other subjects in table 17; nor are the standing 

 values given in table 19 unduly low, for the average total heat-output 

 of H. R. R. while standing is 1.34 calories per minute, or 27.5 calories 

 per 24 hours per kilogram of body-weight. The high percentage 

 increase over lying of W. K. is due to his relatively high standing value, 



Benedict and Cathcart, Carnegie Inst. Wash. Pub. No. 187, 1913, p. 154. 



