EXPERIMENTS WITH SUBJECT STANDING. 



101 



TABLE 22. Comparison of the total metabolism of subjects in lying and standing positions, 

 with percentage increase for the standing position. (Values per minute.) 



which is 1.10 calories per minute, or 32.1 calories per 24 hours per kilo- 

 gram of body- weight (see table 19) rather than to a low value for his 

 metabolism in the lying position. This high percentage increase finds 

 support in the value of 18 per cent for H. M. S., although the experi- 

 ments with this subject were few in number, being only one for the 

 lying position and two for the standing. The results in table 22 would 

 seem to indicate that the effort of standing was marked by a decided 

 difference in the energy required for different individuals, with an 

 average increase of 10 to 12 per cent. . 



PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF STANDING. 



In addition to measurements of the metabolism with the subjects 

 standing, records were also obtained of the respiration-rate, pulmonary 

 ventilation, and pulse-rate by the methods previously outlined. In 

 many of the experiments with E. D. B., records were also obtained of 

 the body- temperature and the blood-pressure. The data are sum- 

 marized in table 23 and given in detail in tables 3 to 7 (see pp. 43 to 55). 



RESPIRATION-RATE WITH SUBJECT STANDING. 



From tables 3 and 23 it is seen that the average daily respiration-rate 

 for A. J. 0. for the three days on which standing experiments were made 

 was 21.8, but there are too few experiments to give evidence of any 

 marked change in this factor. That the respiration-rate of A. J. 0., 

 as well as that of W. K., is higher than the rates of the other subjects 

 should not be given undue weight. 



With H. R. R. the respiration-rate on the first day of experimenting 

 was much higher than on subsequent days, the average for the day 



