268 METABOLISM DURING WALKING. 



rates of 60 to 80 beats or more in the firsb period of walking. Curve E 

 represents the records for the day on which E. D. B. performed the 

 maximum amount of work (February 22), which was accompanied by 

 the maximum pulse-rate and the maximum oxygen consumption. In 

 this experiment, also, no records were made during the intervals be- 

 tween the periods. As will be seen, the severe exercise in the walking: 

 periods increased the pulse-rate per minute over 100 beats. 



BODY-TEMPERATURE DURING GRADE WALKING. 



The measurements of the body-temperature of E. D. B. during grade 

 walking were begun on January 5, 1916, and are given in table 16a, 

 page 88. These temperature records were made with a resistance ther- 

 mometer placed in the rectum (see p. 36), and represent average values. 

 It must be understood that identical conditions did not prevail for all 

 experiments. These differences in the conditions, such as in the length 

 of preliminary walking, the position of the subject between the periods, 

 i. e., sitting, standing, or walking, and the difficulties which sometimes 

 developed due to the displacement of the thermometer as the subject 

 walked or changed from standing or sitting to walking or the reverse, 

 all tend to make direct comparisons difficult. Each record must there- 

 fore be considered for the most part by itself. This can best be done 

 by a series of curves. 



In table 16a the data indicate a temperature rise between most of the 

 periods. When this did not occur, the cause may generally be found 

 in the fact that the subject rested in these intervals and there was 

 accordingly no cumulative effect of work. This rise in tempera- 

 ture can not be due to the diurnal variation which is known to exist, 

 for the periods are too brief and as a rule the differences between 

 succeeding periods were from 0.1 to 0.3 C. Differences of over 

 1 C. are occasionally found, which may be due to the cumulative 

 effect of work. On March 4 there was a fall of 1 C. between the sec- 

 ond and third periods. The subject was sitting in the interval between 

 these periods and the temperature fell continuously during that time. 

 It continued to fall for several minutes after the walking in the third 

 period began and remained at the lower level during the walking in the 

 fourth period. Evidently the technique was at fault on this date, 

 although no mention is made in the protocols of any difficulty. 



Temperature records taken on 14 different days are given in figures 

 33 to 37. The times of change from sitting to standing or standing to 

 walking or the reverse are indicated by arrows and the usual numeral 

 designations, i. e., 1, sitting; 2, standing; 3, walking on an incline. As 

 in the pulse curves, the black points represent records taken during the 

 experimental periods, and the open circles the records between the 

 periods. Although all of the body-temperature material for these 14 

 days have been plotted in the curves, it does not seem necessary to 



