AFTER-EFFECTS OF GRADE WALKING. 307 



naturally be less, and it might be expected that values of approximately 

 the pre- walking rate would be found. In experimental periods con- 

 tinuing as long as those employed by us in this study it was naturally 

 not expected that the measurements would show the gradations that 

 could be obtained by other methods; nevertheless a general comparison 

 may be made of the metabolism preceding and following walking. 



In the experiments of December 21 to February 17, inclusive, it is 

 seen that the data for* the respiration, ventilation, and pulse show no 

 close approach to the pre-walking values since they were obtained 

 immediately on the cessation of walking. It may be noted, however, 

 that although the percentages vary, the ventilation-rate remained 

 at a higher level, relatively, than the respiration-rate, the forme r 

 averaging approximately 70 per cent above the pre-walking average 

 and the respiration-rate approximately 40 per cent. 



In the first of the post-walking periods of February 26 to 29, fol- 

 lowing 20 or more minutes of rest, both respiration and ventilation, 

 though much reduced, were still above the pre-walking values. In 

 the third standing period, which was approximately 2 hours after 

 walking had ceased, the data for February 26 show that the respira- 

 tion-rate and pulmonary ventilation had fallen to the pre-walking rate 

 during the interval, but that on February 28 and 29 these factors were 

 still above the pre-walking averages. The pulse remained above the 

 pre-walking rate on all of these days. This is in keeping with the re- 

 sults reported by Benedict and Cathcart, 1 who found that the pulse- 

 rates did not readily return to the pre-walking level after such pro- 

 longed exercise. 



Only a few measurements of the body-temperature are available for 

 comparison, but these are included in table 86. The post-walking 

 temperatures appear here to be higher than those obtained in the 

 walking periods. This is contrary to the curves in figures 33 to 37. 

 inclusive, which show a rapid fall in body-temperature after walking 

 ceased. This difference in direction is due to the fact that the temper- 

 ature values for walking given in table 86 represent averages of all the 

 walking periods of the day, and thus no sharp comparison of the walk- 

 ing and standing values is possible here. The special interest in this 

 connection is, however, the comparison between the temperatures 

 with the subject standing before and after walking. It is seen that 

 for the periods of standing immediately after walking, the average 

 body-temperature is 1.5 C. higher than the pre-walking tempera- 

 ture and for the first post-walking periods on the days when a rest 

 interval of but 24 minutes intervened the difference is but little less. 

 By the second post-walking period, the temperatures are still nearly 

 0.5 C. above the pre-walking temperature. It is not until the third 



Benedict and Cathcart, Carnegie Inst. Wash. Pub. No. 187, 1913, p. 153. 



