GLANDINA. 85 



Planorbis ylans, DsKAY, 1. c. 56. 



Glandina parallela, W. G. BINNEY, Phila. Proc. 1857, 189 ; T. M., IV. 140 ; 



L. & Fr.-W. Sh., I. 17. TRYON, Am. Journ. Conch., II. 226 (1866). 

 Oleacina parallela, PFEIFFER, Malak. Blatt. 1859, 51. 

 Glandina Texasiana, part, W. G. BINNEY, T. Moll., IV. PI. LXXVII. Fig. 21, 



not of PFEIFFER. 



Atlantic and Gulf States from South Carolina to Texas, thus inhabiting all 

 the Southern Region. Very common on the islands and keys along the coast. 



Animal : see above, p. 81, Vol. III. PL LIX. 



The habits of this animal are somewhat aquatic. It is found on the sea- 

 islands of Georgia, and around the keys and everglades of Florida ; and in 

 these situations the shell often attains the length of four inches, when found 

 on the oyster hummocks and less humid localities, it seldom exceeds one inch 

 in length. Mr. Say found it in the marshes immediately behind the sand-hills 

 of the coast. It is most readily found in the centre of the clumps of coarse grass 

 on these marshes. In young individuals the spire forms but a small proportion 

 of the shell, but in the old it often forms one third of the length. 



The animal is in part, if not altogether, carnivorous ; and its powerful lingual 

 membrane, armed with long, sharp-pointed teeth, is well adapted to its food. 

 By its action the soft parts of its prey are rapidly rasped away, or are forced 

 in laro-e morsels down the oesophagus. The animal has been seen to swallow 

 entire the half-putrid remains of a Helix, and to attack Limaces confined in 

 the same box with it, rasping off large portions of the integument, and in some 

 instances destroying them. In one instance an individual attacked and de- 

 voured one of its own species, thrusting its long neck into the interior of the 

 shell, and removing all the viscera. I found many specimens of Poli/gyra 

 volvoxis in the stomach of individuals collected by me at St. Augustine, Fla. 



The testicle is an oval mass, separated from the liver as in the Limaces. 

 The epididymis appears from a hilum in the side of the testacle ; at first but 

 slightly tortuous, it becomes convoluted just before ending. Its accessory 

 gland is large. The penis sac is long, large, and clavate, very gradually en- 

 larging from the base to the summit. The vas deferens, which joins the latter 

 point, is long, moderately tortuous, and wide. The retractor muscle is inserted 

 into it near its termination in the penis sac. The bladder is oval, constricted ; 

 its duct is as long as the oviduct. The vagina is moderately broad. The 

 cloaca is short. The exterior generative orifice is on the right side of the 

 head, considerably posterior to the tentacles. (See Vol. I. Pis. XIV., XVI.) 



Jaw absent. Lingual dentition as described above. There are about 34 

 1 34 teeth in each row. I have shown in PI. I. Fig. A, the central and 

 various marginals from the first to the last tooth. The figures show the teeth 

 as seen from below, thus giving a perfect view of the bases of attachment. 

 The eighth tooth seems to be the largest, in another the sixth. The central 

 tooth I find great difficulty in studying. It appears to have a long, slender 



