MEMORIAL PAMPHLET SHOWING CERTAIN DRAWINGS 



Genus TURRITOPSIS McCrady, 1856. 

 Turritopsis nutricula McCrady. 



Oceania (Turritopsis) nutricula, McCRADV, 1856, Proc. Elliott Soc. Charleston, pp. 1-36, plate 4, figs. l-io. 



Turritopsis nutricula, McCRADY, 1857, Gymn. Charleston Harbor, p. 25, plate 8, fig. I. BROOKS, 1883, Studies Johns Hopkins 

 Univ. Biol. Lab., vol. 2, p. 465. BROOKS, 1886, Mem. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 3, p. 388, plate 37. HARGITT, 11)04, 

 Bull. U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, vol. 24, p. 37 (the figure is Podocoryne cornea). RITTENHOUSE, 1907, Proc. Boston Soc. 

 Nat. Hist., vol. 33, p. 437, plates 30-35, figs. 1-55 (development). 



\lodetria multitenlacttla, FEWKKS, iSSl, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. at Harvard College, vol. 8, p. 149, plate 3, figs. 7-9. 



Modreria nutricula, FEWKES, 1 88;, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 9, p. 295. 



non Turrilopsis nutricula, AT.ASSIZ, A., 1865, North Amer. Acal., p. 167, figs. 269, 270. 



Turritopsis nutricula (in parl), HAECICEL, 1879, Syst. der Mcdusen, p. 66. Ni rrixr.. 1901, Bull. U.S. Fish Comm.,vol. 19^.37? 



EUROPEAN MEDUSA. 



Oceania polycirrha, KEFERSTEIN, 1862, Zeit. fur wissen. Zool.. Bd. 12, p. 26, taf. 2, fign. 11-13. 



Turritopsis [>ol\>irma, HAECKEL, 1879, Syst. der Medusen, p. 66. 



Turritopsis poh'drrha, HARTLAUB, 189", \\':ss-:n. MeeresuntersucH. Kommis., Mem- K i> 1, Helgoland, Neue Folge, Bd. 2, p. 480. 



taf. l6r, fig. 2. 

 (?) Cvttfis polystvld, WILL, 1844, Hone Terges'in:i-, p. 68, taf. z, fi^. v. 



American medusa (plate 14, fig. 10). Bell usually slightly pynform and about 4 to 5 mm. in 

 height. Bell-walls uniformly thin. There are 40 to ~o simple marginal tentacles, which are all 

 of about the same length and are somewhat shorter than the hell-height. These tentacles are 

 capable of much contraction or extension. Their basal bulbs are large and there is a single, 

 ectodermal pigment-spot upon the lower (centripetal) side of each tentacle near its place <;t 

 origin from the basal bulb. The surface of the tentacles is covered thickly with nematocyst- 

 cells. The velum is well developed. There are 4 straight, narrow radial-canals and a narrow 

 circular vessel. The manubrium is large and fills about half of the bell-cavity. The upper 

 part of the manubrium near the base consists of 4 radially situated masses ot large, highly 

 vacuolated, entodermal cells, through the midst of which the 4 radial-canals extend downward 

 into the stomach. These cells are indeed only the entodermal walls of the radial-canals (plate 

 14, fig. 13). The stomach is large and quadratic in cross-section. The cruciform mouth is 

 situated at the extremity of a short neck and is surrounded by a row of nematocyst-beanng 

 knobs (plate 15, fig. 12). The gonads are developed upon the sides of the stomach, where 

 they occur in the form ol a double, longitudinal, swollen region in each adradius. Their 

 outer surfaces are smooth. The entoderm of the stomach is dull-yellow or orange, or dull- 

 yellow streaked with orange. The tentacle-bulbs sometimes contain a little entodermal 

 orange pigment. The ocelli upon the tentacles are dark-brown or orange. 



HydroiJ mid vonnij medusa. The hydroid (fig. 76) 

 was found bv Brooks, 1883, on piles of a wharf at More- 

 head City, North Carolina. It is a Dendroila-^c. and 

 \ related t\< /). Johrnh Weisrnann. The stems of 

 the hydroid are from 8 to 10 mm. in height and hear 

 large, terminal hydranths. There are also numbers ot 

 short, side branches which terminate in hydranths. The 

 mam stem and the side branches are incased in a loose, 

 cylindrical perisarc, which is thick and becomes incrusted 

 with foreign matter. The perisarc is not annulated, and 

 terminates abruptly by a sharp collar immediately below 

 each hydranth. The hydranth or feeding-polypite is long 

 and fusiform and bears from 18 to 20 short, thick, fili- 

 form tentacles, which are arranged in three or more in- 

 definite rows or whorls. The medusa-buds originate 

 upon the sides of the stem at the bases of the hydranths. 

 Each medusa-bud is borne upon a short stalk or peduncle 

 and is closely invested by a thin capsule of perisarc. 

 When set free the young medusa has 8 tentacles. The manubrium is cone-shaped and there 

 is a large peduncle formed of highly-vacuolated cells. 4 prominent, nematocyst bearing knobs 

 surround the mouth. The hydranths are pale yellowish-red. 



This medusa is found from the coast of Cuba to the southern coast of New England, 

 being about equally abundant in the northern and southern limits of its range. It is very 

 common in the Bahamas and at Tortugas, Florida. In Charleston Harbor, South Carolina. 



FIG. 75. Turritopsis nutricula, after Brooks, ill 

 Mem. Boston Soc. Natural Hi-r> r\ . 



