MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACAMKMY OF SCIENCES. 4(11 



G"2. . Etudes histologiques et orgauologiijues sin li\s rrntres JHTVIMIX rl !< m-jrum's di-s srn-i dr ;IJIIIH,MI 

 arth-iili : .s. OiiH|in. mr M. nmn-e. I. Le Cerveau du Criquet (ffidipoda coertilescens et tul,,^!,,,,,, ii,ili<-H*). 

 II. l''iiii|i:i.riiiK()ii ilu rrrviMii ilrs crusl:u'i : s rt drs insri-tes. III. l,n rnrvr:m H l.i morpliolo^ie >ln 

 si|in'li-tte i c i,h.-ilii|iia. Ann. ilcs Sri. .Nilt.. Zm>l. ot r'alfontnl., 'I', iv., NIIH. 1-:'., vn.Si-r., pp. I -I 1 .'!), |'|H. 



i-t;. i-,x7. 



('.:'.. WAIASK. S. (In (ho Morphology id' thr Compound Kyes of Arthropods. Htuitirx Jr. Iliiil. l.tili'ij <>f lln .li'lnis Hop- 

 kins I'll in mil I/, Vol. IV, pp. ->7-:',::i, 7 I'ls. IS'.IO. 



(54. WALDEYER, w. Kn-rstnrU mid Ki. 



(if). WiT.sux, IlKxity V. On Ilif I'lvoiling SeasoiiH nf Marine Animals in tin- liali:im;i,s. .Inlm Iliijiiiii:: I iiinrsili/ 



I'ii-i-nl.ii:*, Vol. vni, No. 70, p. 38. 

 6(i. WOOD-MASOX. Stridulating Crustacea. Keniarks of Mr. Wood-Mason at the November meeting of the Kntiniio- 



lni;ii-;i] Siifirty of London, \nlii i\, Vol. XVIII, p. 53. 1878. 

 l'.7. \VHKELKR, WILLIAM M. The Einlii'vology of Blatta Germa.nica and Doryphora I>ecriiilinr:H:i. Am. .Inurn. J/ni- 



l>holotjy, Vol. in, No. '^, pp. 291-386, Pis. xv-xxi. 1889. 



APPENDIX I. 



THE LITE HISTORY OF STENOPUS. 



e this paper was written Chun has described (Die pelagische Thierwelt in grosseren M 

 steefeu, Bibliotheca Zoolog'ica, I, 1888) a small transparent crustacean which he calls 

 clavigna. It dccurs at the surface and also at various depths clown to liOO M. A comparison of 

 his description and figure (Taf. iv, Fig. H) with the Stenopus larva shown in I'ls. iv and x of this 

 memoir shows that Chun's Meicrsia flm-ii/na is undoubtedly a Stenopus larva, a little older than 

 the one shown in PI. x. (\V. K. B.) 



It is suggested at the bottom of page 340 that the cement by which the eggs are fastened to 

 the abdomen may possibly come, from the oviducts. According to recent observations of Cano 

 (Mittheil Zool. Ktat. Neapol., ix, 1891; abstract in Journ. Roy. J/iV. <S'c.. No. s;j, 1801) this is 

 derived from cement glands situated in Stenopus under the epidermis of the pleopods. It is 

 thought by Cauo that these glands, to which the secondary egg membrane is due, are modified 

 glands of the appendages, and that the cement substance may serve as the medium through which 

 spermatozoa reach the ova. In order to reach the eggs the sperm cells probably pass through 

 pores in the chotiou. 



This paper was written in the summer of 1888, before I had seen the report of Spenee ! lute on 

 the t'liulli'iiyei- Macrura (Report on the Crustacea Macrnra dredged by H. M. S. (~'lill<-tit/<T during 

 the. years 1873-'76, Zoology, Vol. xxiv, p. L'09, PI. xxx, 1888). The Chtilleiii/cr brought home 

 only two specimens of Stcnopus liixpitlnx, one from Kandavu, Fiji Islands, and one from Bermuda. 

 Spenee P.ate says that Stenopus has been "chiefly recorded from the eastern seas and the shores 

 of India, by Desmarest, Milne-Edwards, au'd Sir Walter Eliott; from Japan by de Haan." It has 

 been thought that X<i>iillti f/reenlandica of Seba, which appears under several names, may be the 

 same as .s'f<'/>/).v Itixpifliut. "The genus," says Bate, ''thus appears to inhabit regions so widely 

 apart as Greenland in the north, the Bermudas and Mediterranean in the west, and the southern 

 coasts of India and the Fiji Islands in the east. It has been found in the cold waters of the Arctic 

 regions as well as in the warm shallow waters of the tropics, but, despite this cosmopolitan range, 

 it has not been recorded as having existed in any geological formation." 



While the conclusion that the Arctic form is a Stenopus may be correct, it seems highly im- 

 probable that it is specifically related to sti'n/mx liixpidus. There is no evidence at least to show 

 that this is the case. 



Bate figures a late egg embryo of Stenopus (Fig. 40, p. 212), and erroneously concludes that 

 the animal has a short metamorphosis and that it hatches as a "Megalopa." He also gives a draw- 

 ing (PI. XXIX, Fig. 2, v.) of the first larva of Xpongiola vennata (a prawn which is placed by Kate in 

 the family Stenopidsv). This is clearly not a zoea, but a protozoeii, as is better shown by the sketch 

 of the recently hatched larva (Fig. 42, p. 21C) by von Wille.moes Suhin, and the strong resem- 

 blance which it bears to the protozoea of Stenopnn l/isjiidus is very striking (compare with PI. vii, 

 Fig. 11, of this paper). 



