r 



l(j GENERAL ORISMOLOGY. 



II. QUALITY. 



22. 



Although the investigation into structure, and the consequential 

 qualities of the organs, is more restrictively the object of anatomy ; 

 yet the precise definition of their various distinctions is of importance 

 to descriptive entomology. We must not, therefore, omit defining 

 orismologically these peculiarities of the structure of the parts, and the 

 more so, as they are chiefly superficial. Under this head we shall 

 accordingly treat particularly of the differences of substance, and of 

 those of superficies, excluding however from this chapter those arising 

 from individual substances springing from, or reposing upon the surface 

 of bodies, such as hair, scales, &c. &c. 



23. 

 Differences of Substance. 



MEMBRANOUS (membranaceum), is a delicate, flexible, transparent, 

 thin, superficially distended substance. 



CORIACEUS (coriacenm), is also a thin, flexible, distended substance, 

 but is somewhat thicker, and opaque, resembling leather. 



CORNEOUS (corneum), a thicker, harder, entirely opaque, and scarcely 

 flexible substance, resembling horn. 



CARTILAGINOUS (cartilagineum}, is a substance combined of the 

 qualities of membrane and horn ; it is thicker than the latter, but 

 somewhat transparent, flexible, and always whitish. 



SOLID (solidurri), is a substance consisting of one mass, with no vacant 

 interstices. 



POROUS (porosuni), when small interstices or holes are observable 

 upon the surface. 



SPONGY (spongiosum), when soft and intersected by small channels 

 throughout its substance. 



TUBULAR (tubulorum), when a longitudinal cylindrical body is hollow 

 throughout its whole length. 



VENTRICOSE (ventricosum), when this tubular pipe suddenly distends 

 into a large cavity. 



FLEXIBLE (flexilis), a substance possessing elastic properties. 



RIGID (rigidum'), when it will not bend without breaking. 



