OF GENERATION. 321 



more resemble the feet of the Carabodea ; it is the same in the other 

 genera, with the exception of Cnemidotus, the anterior tarsi of the 

 male of which are not at all distended. In the predaceous beetles, or 

 Staphylini, the distended feet are found only in one sex, yet in other 

 instances the female also, as in Aleochara, has very broad feet. In 

 many of the Steni also some of them only are distended. To these may 

 be added other sexual differences, viz., an arched excision at the ventral 

 plate of the last abdominal segment in the male, which is shown very 

 distinctly in Staph. laminatus. The male of Stapli. hirtus, on the 

 contrary, has, according to Malinowsky, a strong shovel-shaped ap- 

 pendage at its thigh, which runs almost parallel with it. In Tacky- 

 porus rufipes the excision of the ventral plate is so deep that it has 

 the appearance of being bilobate, and in Lathrobiwn that plate is 

 thereby formed into a central carina, which is continued also in the 

 preceding ones. Similar excisions are said to be found also in the 

 males of the genus Stenus. The Peltodea exhibit but slight sexual 

 differences ; in Silpha four joints of the four anterior tarsi are dis- 

 tended ; in Necrophorus the same joints, but only the anterior pair. 

 Among the Dermextodea the male of Dermestes exhibits small hairy 

 warts upon the ventral plates of the last abdominal segments ; in Atta- 

 genus and Megatoma the last palpal joint of the male is long, thin, and 

 conical, in the female smaller, thicker, shorter, and ovate. In the large 

 family of the Lamellicornia sexual differences are very numerous, but 

 all confirm the above law of the predominating evolution of the male. 

 Thus, for example, the male Lucani have long mandibles, resembling 

 the antlers of stags, and much longer anterior legs, a larger head sur- 

 rounded by ridges, but a proportionately shorter body. In Geotrupes, 

 Dynastes, Oryctes, and some true Scarabeei (for example, Typheeus), 

 the males have large projecting horns, which proceed from the clypeus 

 and pronotum, and which are but slightly indicated in the female ; the 

 same is exhibited in the scatophagous genera Copris, Phanceus, Ontho- 

 phagus, and besides the males of Phanceus and Ateuchus want the ante- 

 rior tarsi, instead of which they have a short hook, that retains the 

 female during copulation. In Cetonia the females have convex ventral 

 plates ; the males, on the contrary, excised ones, and which are pro- 

 vided in the centre with a longitudinal impression. The Melolon- 

 thodea exhibit sexual differences in their antennae : in Melolontha 

 itself the lamellge of the male are more numerous, and longer, and in 

 the female shorter, and fewer. In Rutela, Hoplia, and Anisoplia 

 the males have longer tarsi and stronger claws; in Melolontha lonei- 



